I have question to be answer and I already put three different answers. All you need to do is paraphrase one good answer and include your thoughts and Opinions thank you

QUESTION

There is good content in the text directed toward identifying the basics of understanding the concept of Risk. Then, in this board, summarize the most important message that the author presents regarding Risk. You can accomplish this easily by mentally thinking: “What is the main message of Chapter 4?” Think of an example of your own that would help to formulate a logical working mental concept of Risk. Note: we have a separate course that addresses Risk. Therefore, any preliminary commentary would be appropriate.

answer 1

Chapter 4 is mainly focused on the risk assessment and management and showed how is that thing important for establishing a BC program. Risk management is a procedure of understanding, managing, and analyzing individual and overall risk events by reducing threats and maximizing opportunities. These threats or risks could come from a wide assortment of sources, including strategic management errors, natural disasters, and accidents. As a result, a risk management plan increasingly includes companies’ and government processes for identifying and controlling threats. Besides that, that’s chapter provides basic ideas about how to do risk mitigation for projects and businesses, such as

• Each risk is reviewed in the context of the mitigating controls that are in place as a preventative measure.
• Appropriate action is then determined based on the level of residual risk.
• These responses could be risk avoidance, risk sharing, risk acceptance or risk mitigation which mains actions to reduce the impact or likelihood of occurrence.

Aven, T. (2016). Risk assessment and risk management: Review of recent advances on their foundation. European Journal of Operational Research, 253(1), 1-13.

Burtles, J. (2016). Principles and Practice of Business Continuity: Tools and Techniques Second Edition. Rothstein Publishing.

Answer 2

Every business faces threats and risks to its operations from time to time, and thus business continuity is vital while experiencing risks. Risks are different for every entity. There are two primary ways of managing risks; enterprise risk, which affects the business in terms of facilities, people, assets and information technology, and operational risk, which affects business operations. These vulnerabilities may include governance, analysis of downtime, and report-making processes. Assessment and management of risk in any business are as essential as the business operations are to the administration (Burtles, 2016).
The authors state that it is critical to develop a plan or set of strategies to deal with any situation that may arise, but in doing so, identify significant risks and threats and then plan accordingly. A business organization needs to have a risk management protocol to counter the risks when they emerge. Through Grid impact analysis, an organization can analyze complete systems to identify its critical components (Burtles, 2016). This approach will enable the business to assess the extent and quality of risk in any of the components. It also can be done by checking all the areas concerned, individually evaluating them, and coming up with the entire risk’s impression.
Therefore, risk can be explained as any factor that interferes with the normal operations of an organization and threatens to deter its functions. It can be indirect or direct, visible or invisible, and warrants an organization to develop a business continuity plan to safeguard it from the risks. Developing the business continuity plan will ensure that the organization or business survives the risks and mitigates the threats likely to be faced due to the risks.

Reference

Burtles, J. (2016). Principles and Practice of Business Continuity: Tools and Techniques (2^nd ed). Brookfield, CT: Rothstein Publishing.

Answer 3

The overall concept of Chapter 4 is this idea of risk that results in loss. Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) emphasize that any of these situations would be made worse if you were either unaware of the loss or unable to access the situation through lack of information about the circumstance. Therefore, your risk assessment needs to be based on those risks which can lead to potential outcomes (Burtles and Noakes-Fry, 2016). It also went into detail about risk management and the effectiveness of a company. Having a risk management report will help with existing threats and using a methodical approach is found to be effective. The two approaches of Identifying risk and quantity, and having a general permission about risk and qualifying them both have their benefits, but according to Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) a qualitative approach is better. Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) say the quantitative method which seeks to put a numeric value against the risk usually depends on having reliable statistics from which to extrapolate the future. In practice these figures are not readily available and, in any event, the past my no longer reflect the future. Yesterday’s problems will have superseded as we improve our technology, and skills (Burtles and Noakes-Fry, 2016).

Although not the most important take away point but worth noting was the concept of the grid impact analysis which develops and delivers a solution to the problem, risk assessment and it being constant, regular risk, or irregular. Also, the cost of loss was discussed and how defensive measures have three types. Other important things noted in Chapter 4 was the cause of a business and its interruption which can result in natural, manmade, accidental, deliberate, or indirect. I also liked how Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) talked about which type of programs are used to develop risk through a group setting such as Qwik Risk, and the computer software of smart risk that identifies how high or low the risk is. A great take away point that was said well in the reading was when Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) compared loss and profit. According to Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) it is stated that if you can prevent the consequences of one outage the preventative measures are paid for. If you can prevent two you can show a profit. During a disruption the income is lost but the overhead continues unbated. This is a double whammy situation- a negative income combined with negative overhead amount to a large impact (Burtles and Noakes-Fry, 2016).

An example of risk that I can think of is the idea of calculating cost of loss in a healthcare setting. During this pandemic of Corona Virus there has been a shortage of PPE, and also employees. Labor or staffing costs, and the costs of materials for the PPE has resulted in a loss. Preventing this type of disaster from occurring again I think would be helpful if we used the Qwik Risk assessment tool that states according to Burtles and Noakes-Fry (2016) to plot our perceived risks against probably and impact, we can determine the severity for next time (Burtles and Noakes-Fry, 2016). Prevention is important when evaluating risk.

Length of stay (LOS) is a data set that is calculated on a daily basis for the patient demographics in order for the facility to understand the capacity and ability to accept new inpatient cases. Depending on the job title, many different healthcare professionals view the data associated with LOS differently.

Evaluation Title: Length of Stay Presentation

Explain in three to five sentences the relevance of LOS to a healthcare manager in a hospital setting.

• Create a bullet point presentation for the board which includes administrators, physicians, other care providers and the stakeholders of the facility. Include in the presentation:

1. The data points that need to be collected in order to calculate LOS.
2. An explanation of why each data point is vital to the overall statistical result.
3. A mock dataset of patient data to show the board how LOS is calculated (to ensure full explanation of ideas).

• Utilize at least two outside resources to support your assignment submission.

these are the notes for this unit. once i pick someone i will send the questions. must know about medical office management. i will read your reviews before i pick you.

Text Readings

Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting, Chapters 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48

Additional Readings

Supplemental Readings

• OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Training
• Laboratory
• Hospital PPE—Standard Precautions: Donning
• Seven Wonders of the Microbe World
• What Is Bacteria?
• Flu Attack! How a Virus Invades Your Body
• Fungi: Death Becomes Them
• The Most Horrifying Parasites!
• Old & Odd: Archaea, Bacteria & Protists
• How to Collect Sputum
• Urine Formation and Renal Function
• Urine Color and What It Means
• The Role of Red Blood Cells in Anemia
• Phlebotomy—Medical Assistant Skills

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Lecture Notes

The kind of healthcare environment you work in will dictate how and when you will deal with the clinical laboratory. A clinical laboratory is a place where patient specimens are reviewed to help diagnose and treat a patient. In most cases, physician offices send their specimens to an outside laboratory. In other offices, there may be an in-house lab that reviews the specimens. In any case, the job of the medical assistant is usually to get the specimen from the patient so it can be reviewed by the lab.

It sounds simple enough, right? Get a specimen, like a urine sample, from a patient and send it to the lab. Easy! However, your role in handling patient specimens is an important one. Medical assistants need to ensure that the specimen is collected correctly, placed in the proper container for the specimen type, and labeled correctly. At any of those stages, even a small error can affect how a patient is diagnosed and treated. So don’t underestimate the importance of your role in the laboratory process! Also, you’ll need to follow safety regulations, rules, and guidelines for handling human specimens to avoid endangering yourself and others in the office.

When working with specimens, it’s important to understand microbiology. Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms. Some of the microscopic organisms in our bodies can cause in illness and disease. Understanding bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms will help you better understand the issues that they cause for patients.

The Clinical Laboratory

A clinical laboratory is a lab area where patient specimens and samples are reviewed for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease and illness. In some physician offices, the clinical lab is part of the office practice. In other physician offices, the specimens and samples are sent to an offsite clinical lab for review.

Healthcare providers use clinical labs to

• Screen for diseases
• Confirm suspected conditions
• Rule out conditions
• Monitor the effectiveness of treatment
• Assess the progress of disease

Laboratories are regulated by federal, state, and local regulations. Because of the hazards of working with human tissue and fluids, it’s important that the highest standards are in place to protect healthcare workers.

One of the major federal agencies tasked with enforcing safety and health legislation is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA. The agency was created under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.

OSHA requires clinical laboratories to

• Provide and maintain safety equipment
• Control the risk of exposure to chemical and biological materials
• Provide sanitary lab testing
• Undergo annual inspections
• Provide a waste management program
• Implement procedures for infectious material exposure, ventilation failure, first aid, fires, and other emergencies
• Document all exposure incidents, including spills

The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, or CLIA, are federal standards that apply to clinical laboratory testing to ensure quality in laboratory testing. The CLIA program was established in 1988. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid, or CMS, oversees the CLIA program. Labs receive certifications from CLIA based on the type of testing they perform on specimens.

Three federal agencies have ultimate responsibility for the CLIA program:

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS)

Laboratory Hazards

Working in a laboratory can be dangerous because of all the hazards present. To remain safe in the laboratory, the lab workers should be informed on the potential hazards. The three types of hazards in the laboratory are

• Chemical
• Biological
• Radioactive

Additionally, there are also hazards related to musculoskeletal injuries and other physical issues that result from poor work practices and behaviors.

Handling Specimens

Handling specimens may be part of the daily duties of a medical assistant, even if the assistant doesn’t work in a laboratory. At all times, precautions should be taken to maintain safety as well as the integrity of the specimen.

Standard precautions should always be used when handling specimens. These are standards that will protect healthcare workers and patients from being exposed to infectious disease. These standards require that those performing lab work assume that all specimens are potentially infections.

Standard Precautions

Standard precautions include

• Risk assessment, or evaluating the risk involved to complete the task
• Hand hygiene, such as proper hand-washing techniques
• Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, gowns, lab coats, or goggles
• Environmental controls, such as proper disposal of waste
• Administrative controls, such as training and policies and procedures

Understanding Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, or very small organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye and must be viewed with a microscope. Some microscopic organisms are harmful to humans and cause disease, whereas many others pose no harm to us at all.

Microorganisms include

• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Algae
• Archaea

Bacteria

Bacteria are single-celled organisms; that is, they’re made up of one cell. Many people think that all bacteria cause disease. However, in reality, only a very small percentage of bacteria make us sick. Many bacteria serve important roles in the body, including

• Helping us digest food
• Destroying disease
• Providing vitamins

Infectious bacteria can make people sick. Infectious bacteria include

• Streptococcus
• Staphylococcus
• E. coli

Infectious bacteria are generally treated with antibiotics.

When you look at bacteria under a microscope, they may be shaped like spheres, rods, or spirals. In fact, bacteria are often named for their shape:

• Cocci means “spherical”
• Bacilli means “rod shaped”
• Spirilla means “spiral shaped”

The following are just a few of the diseases and infections caused by bacteria:

• Toxic shock syndrome
• Strep throat
• Gonorrhea
• Meningitis
• Salmonella
• Lyme disease
• Cellulitis

Everyone carries Staphylococcus, or staph, on their body. Many of us carry it without it ever developing into an infection. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, is one strain of the staph bacteria that usually starts out as a skin infection. It’s dangerous because this strain has become resistant to commonly used antibiotics, which makes it difficult to treat.

Experts believe that this strain of bacteria developed due to overuse of antibiotics. Some of this came from physicians overprescribing antibiotics and using them as broad-spectrum treatment, but it also resulted from patients

• Not completing their full course of antibiotics
• Skipping doses
• Saving the antibiotics for later

Although MRSA started out affecting patients and people mainly in healthcare settings, we’re now seeing an increase in MRSA in healthy people who’ve never been hospitalized or who don’t work in health care.

Viruses

Viruses are the smallest of all microbes. They differ from other microbes because they have to be inside of living organisms to survive and replicate. Viruses work by attaching to a host and then growing from there. The cells then multiply in the body with the virus. Eventually, the virus will kill those cells and the person will get sick.

Different viruses spread in different ways. Viruses can be spread through the following mechanisms:

• Exchange of saliva
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Sexual contact
• Contaminated food or water
• Transmitters such as mosquitoes

The following diseases are caused by viruses:

• Cold (rhinovirus)
• Measles
• Cold sores
• Chickenpox
• Influenza (“flu”)
• Shingles
• Herpes
• HPV
• Rabies
• Hepatitis
• HIV

Viruses are difficult to treat because they live inside the body’s cells, which are designed to protect what’s inside of them. This means that medications that are sent into the bloodstream generally don’t make it to the virus inside the cell.

A number of antiviral medications are available that can be used to treat certain kinds of viral infections. However, for most non-life-threatening viral infections, the physician may tell the patient to get rest and fluids and just let the virus “run its course.”

Fungi

Fungi are classified in their own kingdom; they’re not plants or animals. Examples of fungi include

• Mushrooms
• Yeasts
• Molds

Many fungi are beneficial to humans and to the environment. In nature, they break down dead and decaying materials and return nutrients to the soil. In the healthcare setting, fungi produce substances such as the antibiotic penicillin and some chemotherapy drugs. Fungi also give flavor to some soft cheeses and blue cheese. Yeast are often used in bread making.

Despite their important beneficial roles, fungi can also cause a number of diseases in humans, including

• Ringworm
• Thrush (oral candidiasis)
• Athlete’s foot

Protozoa

Protozoa are single-celled organisms that are found mainly in water and soil. Some protozoa are parasitic, which means they can only live on or in other things or people—the host—and cause disease. In humans, they can multiply, which can lead to serious infection. Protozoa can be transmitted by

• Contaminated food or water
• Transmitters such as mosquitoes or flies

Create an annotated bibliography

Step 1: Write the citation of the uploaded document. Write the citation in APA format.

Step 2: Evaluate and synthesize information from the literature. Thoroughly read the article and reference major ideas, concepts, and information that will help to communicate current knowledge and understanding of the topic. You should be able to answer one or more of the questions below.

1. Did the author discuss a theory or conceptual framework? If so, describe the

theory/framework and how it could be/has been applied to environmental problems.

2. What is the thesis/ research question/ hypothesis?

3. What methods were used to collect and analyze data? Note location and sample size of

the study.

4. What are the major ideas, findings, and conclusions of the study?

5. Are there any limitations of the study/theory/framework?

 

APA Citation Format

Cite literature using the APA format. There are a number of sources of how to write a citation using APA format. One source is Purdue Owl: (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ (Links to an external site.)). Must include the bibliographic and in-text citation.