ETHICS

/in /by

Return to the topic you chose in the week three assignment (EUTHANASIA)  Articulate a specific dilemma in a situation faced by a particular person based on that topic. The situation can be real or fictional.

  • Summarize the dilemma.
  • Define any needed key terms associated with the dilemma.
  • Analyze the conflicts or controversies involved in the dilemma.

Revise and rewrite based on any feedback you received in your previous draft (week three). Reference and discuss any professional code of ethics relevant to your topic such as the AMA code for doctors, the ANA code for nurses, etc.  State whether and how your chosen topic involves any conflicts between professional and familial duties or conflicts between loyalty to self and loyalty to a community or nation.What in your view is the most moral thing for that person to do in that dilemma? Why is that the most moral thing? Use moral values and logical reasoning to justify your answerNext, apply the following:

ETHICS

Use the 5 articles from your annotated bibliography to support your answers:  Banović, B., Turanjanin, V., & Miloradović, A. (2017). An ethical review of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. Iranian journal of public health, 46(2), 173. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5402774/Cuman, G., & Gastmans, C. (2017). Minors and euthanasia: a systematic review of argument-based ethics literature. European journal of pediatrics, 176(7), 837-847. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00431-017-2934-8Goligher, E. C., Ely, E. W., Sulmasy, D. P., Bakker, J., Raphael, J., Volandes, A. E., … & Downar, J. (2017). Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia in the Intensive Care Unit: A Dialogue on Core Ethical Issues.

Critical care medicine, 45(2), 149. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5245170/Pesut, B., Greig, M., Thorne, S., Storch, J., Burgess, M., Tishelman, C., … & Janke, R. (2020). Nursing and euthanasia: A narrative review of the nursing ethics literature. Nursing ethics, 27(1), 152-167. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0969733019845127Verhofstadt, M., Van Assche, K., Sterckx, S., Audenaert, K., & Chambaere, K. (2019). Psychiatric patients requesting euthanasia: guidelines for sound clinical and ethical decision making. International journal of law and psychiatry, 64, 150-161. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252719300068 (Additional academic scholarly research from the past 5 years can be included as well.) Writing Requirements (APA format)

  • Length: 4 pages (not including title page or references page)
  • 1-inch margins
  • Double spaced
  • 12-point Times New Roman font
  • Title page
  • References page (minimum of 5 scholarly sources)

Conceptual Models and Grand Theories in the Unitary Transformative

/in /by

lass Assignments Due: Saturday @ 2359

· Reading Assignments for this week:

Chapter 16 – Margaret Newman – Theory of Health Expanding Consciousness

17 – Madeleine Leininger’s – Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

18 – Jean Watson’s – Theory of Human Caring

Let’s discuss who are the presenting theorist for this week.

Who is Margaret Newman? What is her Theory of Health Expanding Consciousness?

· Website Link: Nursing Theory: HEALTH AS EXPANDING CONSCIOUSNESS

https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/newman-health-as-expanding-consciousness.php

· Article Link:Margaret Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness and a Nursing Intervention from a Unitary Perspective

 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5297232/

· Video Link: Margaret Newman Theory Presentation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgtpdUR8FV0

Who is Madeleine Leininger? What is her Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality?

· Website Link: The Transcultural Nursing Society

 https://tcns.org/

· Article Link: Mapping the literature of transcultural nursing

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1463039/

· Video: Madeleine Leininger Interview Part 1

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4GTo_uthZQ

· Video: Madeleine Leininger Interview Part 2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xchWCgeMM4

Who is Jean Watson? What is her Theory of Human Caring?

· Website Link: WATSON’S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF CARING

https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/watson-philosophy-and-science-of-caring.php

· Evolution of Jean Watson’s Carative Factors/Caritas Processes Over Time

https://www.watsoncaringscience.org/files/PDF/watsons-theory-of-human-caring-core-concepts-and-evolution-to-caritas-processes-handout.pdf

· Article Link: Healthcare interprofessional team members’ perspectives on human caring: A directed content analysis study

https://www.watsoncaringscience.org/files/PDF/Articles/IJNSarticle-Jan2019.pdf

· Video: History of Caring Science at The University of Colorado College of Nursing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlyvmKvjTJY

Discussion Question: Our two-part discussion question for this week is the following:

How does the theory of expanding consciousness apply to our healthcare society today? Our nursing population to provide care to a diverse population of patients. Please choose either Madeleine Leininger’s or Jean Watson’s theory and explain how their theory would apply closely to the patient population or working environment that you currently serve or work with.

Family Assessment And Care Plan

/in /by

Chapter 13 Family Case Management

 

Family Case Management

Family health nursing is the practice of nursing directed toward maximizing the health and well-being of all individuals within a family system. Two views of a family are incorporated:

(1) family as the unit of care and

(2) family as context for individuals and family subsystems.

The Family Needs Model of family health nursing, created by Marcia Cooley and Claudia Smith.

 

 

Family case management

A public health nursing perspective for family case management includes outreach to find families in need, focus on prevention, and reliance on health teaching, counseling, and referral and follow-up with families (Minnesota Department of Health, 2001).

Public health nursing case management is “client-centered A nurse taking a health history during a family home visit. (Copyright CLG Photographics.) and relationship-based”

 

Family assessment

Nurse uses as many possible sources of data as is practical to help complete a comprehensive picture of the family and each member.

Interviewing families can be more difficult than interviewing an individual client

Families may first be seen in the hospital, clinic, community setting, or in their own homes.

Data that are essential to collect include the following:

Household composition

Health status and behaviors of all members

Interaction among the family members

The relationship of the family with its community

Assessing Family Subsystems

Families interact in small interpersonal groups.

Understanding the interactions and functioning of these dyads and triangles is important to understanding the functioning of the family and ascertaining available support.

Subsystems such as the parent–child subsystem, the marital pair, and the sibling subsystem should always be assessed.

Family Maps

A family map is used to diagram spatial and relationship qualities of a family system.

A map is drawn that details the subsystems, the boundaries between subsystems, and interactive patterns, such as coalitions, conflict, and avoidance

Genograms

A genogram is a format for drawing a family tree that records information about family members and their relationships for at least three generations (Cain, 1981; McGoldrick, Shellenberger, & Petry, 2008).

Genograms help community/public health nurses remember the family members, patterns, and significant events that are important in the family’s care.

The picture of the family that is presented in the genogram helps the observer think about the family systemically and over time.

 

Genogram construction may be divided into three parts:

1.Mapping the family structure

2.Recording family information

3.Delineating family relationships

Assessment

Family Cultural Assessment

Assessing the Family within the Environment

 

Analyzing family data

The following steps can be used to help organize these data:

•Determining;

family needs or areas of concern

family styleg family strengths

family functioning

targets of care

priorities of identified health needs

 

Nursing Diagnoses for Environmental Problems

Income: Low/no income, uninsured medical expenses, difficulty with money management, able to buy only necessities, difficulty buying necessities, other

Sanitation: Soiled living area, inadequate food storage/disposal, insects/rodents, foul odor, inadequate laundry facilities, allergens, infectious/contaminating agents, mold, excessive pets, other

Residence: Structurally unsound, inadequate heating/cooling, steep stairs, inadequate/obstructed exits/entries, cluttered living space, unsafe storage of dangerous objects/substances, unsafe mats/throw rugs, inadequate safety devices, presence of lead-based paint, unsafe gas/electric appliances, inadequate/crowded living space, homeless, other

Neighborhood and workplace safety: High crime rate, high pollution level, uncontrolled animals, physical hazards, unsafe play areas, other

Determining Family Strengths

Clients and families in the community are often categorized according to their weaknesses.

In spite of problems, families have many helpful and healthy behaviors that carry them through.

Family strengths are positive behaviors or qualities that help maintain family health.

Family strengths are really the key to a successful intervention.

 

Determining Family Functioning

The final component of the Family Needs Model is the area of family functioning.

Remember that, in this context, family functioning means family effectiveness in achieving and maintaining physical, emotional, interpersonal, and occupational health.

Looking at family functioning helps the nurse answer the following questions:

“To what extent can goals be accomplished?”

“What is the potential for change?”

“How much energy is available for growth and change?”

 

Determining Targets of Care

Targets of care are different levels of the system, including individuals, dyads, the whole family unit, or the community, that may be recipients of nurse and family actions.

Determining targets of care involves asking the following questions: “Who will be involved in the care?”

“Who is the most likely person in the family to be able to change her or his own behavior?”

“Who is likely to communicate with or assert power over other members?”

“What members are so burdened by problems that they need support rather than new challenges?”

 

Determining the Nurse’s Contribution

Determining the nurse’s contribution asks the following question: “What can the nurse do for and with this family?”

The nurse needs to define a focus not only for the family but also for self.

The needs of the family may be beyond the scope of the nurse’s competence or energy, and time and resources become a factor in making decisions about what a nurse can do.

The agency and reimbursement mechanisms also dictate the nurse’s role

 

Determining Priorities of Identified Needs

When determining priorities of needs, the nurse asks the following questions:

“What is

most crucial?”

the most essential or necessary?”

possible given current constraints?”

most likely to empower the family to act in healthy ways on behalf of itself in the future?”

 

Developing a plan

Planning family nursing care occurs after the family system is assessed and data are analyzed in a systematic way.

Priorities are determined with the family.

The level of family functioning will affect the type and extent to which goals can be achieved

 

Principles of Family Care Planning

Mental Health

/in /by
Part of making a writing plan is learning how to craft an outline. This is really the start of the project plan, and there are keys to outlining successfully. To start, your text needs to include a beginning or introduction, middle or arguments, and ending or conclusion. So, arrange your plan accordingly. This will help you arrange your thoughts and information, identify what your project will explore, and how you will say it.
Use the Outline Worksheet provided in the Resources to walk you through these topics:
Crafting an Outline
In the beginning or introduction, include the following:
Your topic.
The purpose of the paper.
The aspects or issues you will be exploring in the paper.
The who, what, when, where, why, and how of your paper.
Next, in the middle or the argument section, include the following:
The purpose of exploring the aspect.
How the aspect relates to the larger topic
The who, what, when, where, why, and how of the aspect.
You may also want to include quotes, facts, or statistics that you discovered in your research. Lastly, conclude by doing the following:
Restate your topic and the purpose of the paper.
Include a summation from each aspect argument section.
Don’t worry if you don’t feel like the conclusion is super-strong. You will get there.
Making a Writing Plan
Make some notes on how you write currently. Ask yourself the following questions:
What is your process? How do you start writing?
What methods do you use for completing the text?
How do you revise?
How do you edit?
Then, review the Writing a Course Paper module from Unit 2 Studies (provided in this unit’s study as well). What is the process, as explained in the presentation? are the suggestions for how to start writing? are the suggestions related to the revision and editing processes, and completing the text?
Scoring Criteria
Identify purpose of paper.
Summarize arguments.
Provide conclusion.

Piney Woods Hospital Emergency Department

/in /by

For this Performance Task Assessment, you will apply the concepts of process improvement and quality to the “Piney Woods Hospital Emergency Department Case Study” provided. There are four parts to this Assessment. Your responses to each part will be evaluated based on your ability to synthesize the concepts of process improvement and quality, and the information in the case study.

To complete this Assessment:

  • Download the Academic Writing Expectations Checklist to use as a guide when completing your Assessment. Responses that do not meet the expectations of scholarly writing will be returned without scoring. Properly formatted APA citations and references must be provided, where appropriate.
  • Be sure to use scholarly academic resources as specified in the rubric. This means using Walden Library databases to obtain peer reviewed articles. Additionally, .gov (government expert sources) are a quality resource option. Note: Internet and .com sources do not meet this requirement. Contact your coach or SME for guidance on using Library Databases.
  • Carefully review the rubric for the Assessment as part of your preparation to complete your Assessment work.

This Assessment requires submission of one (1) file. Save your file as OM006_firstinitial_lastname (for example, OM006_J_Smith).

When you are ready to upload your completed Assessment, use the Assessment tab on the top navigation menu.

Instructions

Before submitting your Assessment, carefully review the rubric. This is the same rubric the SME will use to evaluate your submission and it provides detailed criteria describing how to achieve or master the Competency. Many students find that understanding the requirements of the Assessment and the rubric criteria help them direct their focus and use their time most productively.

Rubric

Access the following to complete this Assessment:

To begin this Assessment, read the “Piney Woods Hospital Emergency Department Case Study.” Imagine you are the summer resident referred to in the case study and will be providing Zach Porter, the CEO, with recommendations for improving processes and quality in the Emergency Department of Piney Woods Hospital.

For the Assessment, complete the following:

To gather more information, you have a meeting with Zach Porter where you will discuss the issues in the emergency department and provide recommendations for improvements. Prepare a slide presentation to guide the discussion with Zach. Be sure to address all of following in your presentation:

Opportunities for Improvement (minimum of 2 slides)

  • Identify and describe three to five opportunities for process improvement and cost reduction in the Piney Woods Emergency Department.
  • Quantify the size of the three to five opportunities and describe the impact they have on the emergency department and on quality.

Stretch Goals (minimum of 2 slides including the chart/table slide)

  • Recommend three to five measurable stretch goals, one for each of the opportunities you identified at Piney Woods. The goals should be designed to improve process and quality, and to reduce risk, waste, and cost.
    • Create a table or chart to be included within your presentation that captures the following information:
      • The three to five stretch goals. Use the presenter notes area to explain and cite relevant research that underpins your recommendations.
      • How the goals will improve processes and lower costs for the Piney Woods emergency department.
      • How progress and achievement of each stretch goal will be measured.

Continuum of Care (minimum of 2 slides)

  • Analyze the continuum of care across the Piney Woods Hospital organization and provide recommendations to eliminate redundancy and decrease quality risk.
    • Identify three opportunities to improve the continuum of care, eliminate redundancy, and decrease quality risks. Provide a rationale for targeting these areas in the speaker’s notes.
    • Recommend methods for improvement of each opportunity you identified. Explain how each recommendation would achieve desired results in the speaker’s notes.

Culture of Accountability and Quality Excellence (4 slides)

  • Using academic resources to support your thinking, address the following:
    • Define a culture of accountability and quality excellence.
    • Explain why a culture of accountability and quality excellence will improve the patient experience and the work environment at Piney Woods Hospital.
    • Recommend how Zach and the leadership team can foster a culture of accountability and quality excellence in the emergency department.
    • Describe the challenges of fostering a culture of accountability and quality excellence in the emergency department.

Decision-Making in Nursing Leadership

/in /by

Decision-Making in Nursing Leadership

Nursing leadership requires critical thinking. And high cognitive ability as one has to make decisions regarding patient care, nurses’ welfare, and team development. Nurse leaders make decisions regarding nursing practice, evidence-based practice, and points of advocacy in my organization.

While nurse leaders focus on ensuring nurses perform per the organization’s expectations, they also advocate for nurses’ and patients’ welfare. For instance, nurse leaders had to advocate for nurses’ safety, especially as they handle COVID-19 patients, ensuring they get the necessary personal protective equipment (Majers & Warshawsky, 2020). Ensuring nurses have adequate personal protective equipment further guarantees patients’ safety. And improves the quality of care as there is no transmission of the virus from one patient to another.

Nurse leadership

Nurse leadership focuses on issues affecting nurses, patients, and the healthcare organization. As a result, effective leadership among nurse leaders secures their decision-making on healthcare setting issues (Sfantou et al., 2017). Effective leaders identify problems in their space, gather views on how these problems can be solved. And communicate the recommendations with nurses. And organizational leaders. As a nurse leader, I can be invited to the table and be an active participant in decision-making by demonstrating effective leadership. And being proactive in finding amicable solutions to arising issues.

In summary, my organization makes decisions in a centralized manner where leaders decide on the way forward and communicate the recommendations to team members. While this organizational structure appears inclusive for all leaders, only effective leaders take the lead in making critical decisions regarding practice in their areas of practice.

References

Majers, J., & Warshawsky, N. (2020). Evidence-based decision-making for nurse leaders. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 471-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.06.006

Sfantou, D., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A., Sifaki- Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017). Importance of leadership style towards quality of care measures in

healthcare settings: A systematic review. Healthcare, 5(4), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5040073

REPLY 2

In nursing, proper decision-making is essential because it aids in the collection, storage, and processing of data and the provision of knowledge and information. In carrying out and managing their activities and when working with patients, nurses depend on decisions made across all managerial levels (Namnabati et al., 2017). As one becomes more knowledgeable of the profession’s decision-making process, new responsibilities and tasks emerge in the nursing sector. As a result, nurses will have to choose the right decision that best suits their needs (Ellis, 2017).Because of the scope and variety of nature programs in health care, nursing leaders must first consider the underlying conditions before making any decisions. According to Nammabati et al., (2017) the ability to acquire decision-making skills that are valuable to the profession is dependent on their knowledge of hospital information networks.

Decision-makers who play a role in enacting different positions in the hospital hierarchy, such as charge nurses, directors of nursing, and managers, would be able to engage in successful critical decision-making if they are equipped with a thorough understanding of all healthcare processes and structures.Another essential role in nursing is mobilizing the best participants to address sensitive topics in a group setting. In research from Ellis (2017), this role is critical in coordinating data processing and other decision-making in nursing unit communication. Political considerations often influence decisions, and as a result, they may be tainted. Namnabati et al., (2017) found that when employees participate in the decision-making process, a successful method is more likely to develop. For efficient planning and execution, adequate resources such as skills, people, and time must be allocated.

decision-making process

Nurses play a critical role in the decision-making process and the appropriate order for communications systems to monitor patient data from the moment of admission until they are discharged by streamlining data processing at each stage of the patient’s hospitalization. Namnabati et al., (2017) argued that the connection between the clinical groups, patients, pharmacists, and physicians, nurses play an essential role in the healthcare setting to collaborate to increase patient outcomes. As members of the hospital’s committee, the nurses are responsible for conducting an audit and making recommendations on the procurement of clinical tools, systems, and essential services (Ellis, 2017). Nurses, in particular, communicate with other practitioners and work with multiple teams of professionals within a hospital. Nurse educators can raise questions about how nurses can gain knowledge and assist in implementing training by supplying valuable resources.In conclusion, decision-making is critical in the area of nursing.

By involving nurses in the decision-making process, which are essential resources in streamlining

the workflow, some significant opportunities for improving patient safety and patient outcomes improve. As a result, nurses play a crucial role in the executive teams by providing practical options during decision making, which help the healthcare systems efficiently conduct clinical processes and, most importantly, support the nursing staff. They must discuss all of the system’s clinical elements, with a clear understanding of how the system will impact the nurses’ workflow and how the system will improve patient safety while still optimizing the nurses’ productivity.

References Ellis, N. (2017). Decision making in practice: influences, management and reflection. British Journal of Nursing, 26(2), 109–112. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.2.109 (Links to an external site.).Nambabati, M., Taleghani, F., Varzeshnejad, M., Yousefi, A., Karjoo, Z., & Safiri, S. (2017). Nursing Care and Documentation Assistant with an Electronic Nursing Management System in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Iranian Journal of Neonatology, 8(2), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2016.7854 (Links to an external site.).

200 WORD EACH

HIV Infection in US.

/in /by

HIV Infection in US.

Discussion Board

Around 1.1 million people are living with HIV in the United States of America (USA). Nearly one in seven of these people are unaware they have HIV. The size of the epidemic is relatively small compared to the overall population. But is heavily concentrated among several key affected populations.

You, as a future FNP should be able to identify populations in US at highest risk and also highest incidence of this disease. Expose in a clear and academic matter what is the actual situation of this Infection in US and compare it with the status of the disease in your community.

-APA STYLE 7TH EDITION

– At least 4 references supporting your posting are needed with less than 10 years of age.

-1 PAGE OF CONTENT MINIMUM

Community assessment: application to community/public health nursing practice

/in /by

Chapter 15 Community Assessment

Sergio Osegueda Acuna, MSN-FNP-BC

MRC

Community assessment: application to community/public health nursing practice

Assessment, the first step of the nursing process, forms the foundation for determining the client’s health. Regardless of whether the client is an individual, a family, or a community.

Nurses gather information by using their senses. As well as their cognition, past experiences, and specific tools.

These data are analyzed to make diagnoses about the community’s health status and allow the nurse to answer the question, “How healthy is this community, or what are its strengths, problems, and concerns?”

Components of Healthy Communities

Low crime rates

Good schools

Strong family life

Robust economy, good jobs

High environmental quality (clean air, water)

Accessible and quality health services

Adequate housing

Civic involvement

Nice weather

Good transportation (roads, public transportation)

Wide variety of leisure activities

Exposure to the arts

Reasonable taxes

Community defined

Community is defined as an open social system that is characterized by people in a place who have common goals over time.

Aggregate is any number of individuals with at least one common characteristic (Williams, 1977). The terms population group and aggregate are synonyms for population (Williams, 1977)

Population is a collection of individuals who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics, the most common of which is geographical location (Schultz, 1987).

Critical Components of a Community

People, Population is the most obvious of the necessary community components.

Place, traditionally, communities were described in relation to geographical area.

Social interaction or common characteristics, interests, or goals.

Geopolitical

The geopolitical community is a spatial designation—a geographical or geopolitical area or place.

Geopolitical communities are formed by either natural or human-made boundaries. A river, a mountain range, or a valley may create a natural boundary

Human-made boundaries may be structural, political, or legal.

Political boundaries may be exemplified by congressional districts or school districts.

Phenomenological

Another way of thinking about community is in terms of the members’ feeling of belonging or sense of membership, rather than geographical or political boundaries

People in a phenomenological community have a group perspective that differentiates them from other groups.

A group consists of two or more people engaged in an interdependent relationship that includes repeated face-to-face communication.

A group’s identity may be based on culture, beliefs, values, history, common interests, characteristics, or goals.

Social Interaction or Common Interests, Goals, and Characteristics

Communities, similar to families, have their own patterned interaction among individuals, families, groups, and organizations; this interaction varies from community to community depending on needs and values.

In a geopolitical community, this interaction may go beyond talking to one’s neighbor and may include interactions with agencies and institutions within the community.

A phenomenological community exists because of a common interest or feeling of belonging (Dreher & Skemp, 2011).

Nursing Theories Applicable to Community Assessment

Most nursing theories were developed for individual clients, not communities (Alligood & Marriner-Tomey, 2010; Hanchett, 1988).

Many nursing theories view the community as the environmental system influencing individuals and families.

Only a few nursing theories view the community as client (Hamilton & Bush, 1988). Goeppinger and colleagues (1982) proposed the development of a community assessment tool using Cottrell’s characteristics (1976) of a competent community as a framework.

Community competence is based on eight variables:

Commitment

self and other awareness and clarity of situation definitions

Articulateness

Communication

Conflict containment and accommodation

Participation

Management of relations with the larger society

Machinery for facilitating participant interaction and decision making

Basic Frameworks Used to Assess Communities

Developmental Framework Information about the community is collected from several points in time because communities change

Epidemiological Framework An epidemiological perspective focuses on the health of the population. In this approach to community assessment, the nurse identifies persons who are at greater risk of illness, injury, disability, and premature death so that targeted interventions aim at reducing the risk or preventing the problem

Health Disparities and At-Risk/Vulnerable Populations

Structural–Functional Framework

Overview of Systems Theory

Dorothy Johnson:

Successful community functioning and adjustment to environmental factors

Sister Callista Roy:

Effectiveness of the community in accomplishing its functions and adapting to external stimuli

Imogene King:

Quality interactions between individuals, groups, and the entire community that contribute to community functioning and development

Betty Newman

Competence of the community to function and maintain balance and harmony in the presence of stressors

Jean Watson:

A healthy community is a holistic community. One which is able to integrate social and personal resources and capacities to attain or maintain health for its members

Boundaries

A community is defined in terms of the three critical components: people, place, and social interaction or common interests.

Defining the boundary also identifies the suprasystem, the environment outside the community.

Data collected from the suprasystem are considered external influences, or inputs, and may impact or influence the community.

Boundaries, similar to the skin of an individual, maintain the integrity of the system and regulate the exchange between a community and its external environment, the suprasystem.

Permeability of Boundaries

The boundaries of any system may be relatively permeable (open) or impermeable (closed).

A geographical community that has a gated entrance. And homes that cost $350,000 or more is impermeable to people with an annual income of $25,000 to $30,000. Communities with greater variety of housing prices and rental units would be open to more people; thus the boundaries would be permeable.

For example, entrance or membership into a religious community may be contingent on accepting certain beliefs and rituals. Making the boundary impermeable to someone who does not hold these beliefs.

financial risk

/in /by

MHC6305 Week 4 Discussion Instructions

 

Before beginning work on this discussion forum, please review the link “ Doing Discussion Questions Right ,” . The expanded grading rubric for the forum, and any specific instructions for this topic.

Before the end of the unit, begin commenting on at least two of your classmates’ responses. You can ask technical questions or respond generally to the overall experience. Be objective, clear, and concise. Always use constructive language, even in criticism. To work toward the goal of positive progress. Submit your responses in the Discussion Area.

 capital asset pricing model 

The  capital asset pricing model , or CAPM, is used to price an individual security or portfolio. The general idea behind CAPM is that investors should be compensated in two ways, for the time value of their money and risk incurred. The model helps investors calculate risks and what type of return they should expect on their investment. The time money value is represented by the risk-free rate, usually a 10-year government bond yield, and compensates the investors for placing money in an investment over a period of time.

That is added to the other half of the formula which represents risk. It calculates the amount of compensation the investor needs for taking on additional risk. This is done by taking a Beta, which measures a stock’s volatility, and multiplies by its premium. The premium is calculated by subtracting the risk-free rate of return from the expected return of the market. For example, the expected return of a stock can be figured out in the following way using a model. If the risk-free rate is 3% the Beta or risk measure of the stock is 3 and the expected market return over the period is 11%. The stock is expected to return 27%. In short, if the expected return does not make the risk worth it, the investment should not be made.

Respond to the following questions:

· You are the chief financial officer (CFO) of a multi-physician clinic. Do you see weaknesses or strengths in the capital asset pricing model (CAPM)? Explain your response and support it with examples. Include a consideration of the small market line (SML).

· Your chief executive officer (CEO) asks you to decide between debt and equity financing. Explain which the best option is. Discuss the factors that influence your decision.

To support your work, use your course and textbook readings and also use the  South University Online Library . As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.

Your initial posting should be addressed at 300-500 words. Submit your document to this Discussion Area by the due date assigned. Be sure to cite your sources using APA format.

Respond to your peers throughout the Week. Justify your answers with examples, research, and reasoning. Follow up posts need to be submitted by the end of week.

 

 

 

 

 

MHC6305 Week 4 Project Instructions

 

Instructions

Before beginning work on this assignment. Please review the expanded grading rubric for specific instructions relating to content and formatting.

Money has different values based on time. Money in your pocket has a current value. But money owed to you has a varying value based on how sure it is that you will receive it and when. It is possible to estimate its value. In this assignment, you will analyze the value of money on the basis of this Week’s learning.

 Review  Understanding The Time Value of Money  to attain more information on how the value of money is based on time. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/03/082703.asp

 

 Find the following values for a lump sum assuming annual compounding:

· The future value of $500 invested at 8 percent for 1 year. The future value of $500 invested at 8 percent for 5 years.  The present value of $500 to be received in 1 year when the opportunity cost rate is 8 percent

· The present value of $500 to be received in 5 years when the opportunity cost rate is 8 percent. Analyze present and future values and their implications for the balance sheet and the budget of an organization.

Submission Details:

·  To support your work, use your course and textbook readings. And also use the South University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your  work and  provide references for the citations in APA format.

·  Your assignment should be addressed in a 2- to 3-page document.

·  Submit your document to this appropriate Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

Culminating Experience In Nursing And Nursing Research

/in /by

1) Minimum 6 full pages (No word count per page)- Follow the 3 x 3 rule: minimum three paragraphs per part.

             Part 1,2,3,4,5,6: Minimum 1 page

             Submit 1 document per part

2)¨******APA norms

All paragraphs must be narrative and cited in the text- each paragraph

          Bulleted responses are not accepted

          Don’t write in the first person 

Don’t copy and paste the questions.

Answer the question objectively, do not make introductions to your answers, answer it when you start the paragraph

Submit 1 document per part

3)****************************** It will be verified by Turnitin (Identify the percentage of exact match of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks)

********************************It will be verified by SafeAssign (Identify the percentage of similarity of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks)

4) Minimum 3 references per part not older than 5 years

5) Identify your answer with the numbers, according to the question. Start your answer on the same line, not the next

Example:

Q 1. Nursing is XXXXX

Q 2. Health is XXXX

6) You must name the files according to the part you are answering: 

Example:

Part 1, 2.doc 

__________________________________________________________________________________

Part 1: Health Care  Policy

As an advanced practice nurse, one can engage in activism in order to achieve desired policy changes at various levels including their own organization.

1. Should nurses be unionized? and why?

2. How does being unionized impact a workforce culture of safety?

3 . Explain how MSN essential  VI: Health policy and advocacy relates to this topic.

Part 2: Teaching Plan

 

Purpose:  Successfully teach your group of students.

Your Role: Educator

Population: Expertise Nurses in ICU

Topic: Perception and response capacity of nurses to alarm fatigue in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

When you are a nurse educator, you will possibly take on your preceptor’s or your faculty’s role for a student just like you. Consider what your preceptor or faculty will observe during your SIM lesson and what type of feedback he/she will provide for you.

1. What will he/she be looking for or expecting?

2. How will you be coached?

3. Describe what you think you would do in his/her role before, during, and after your lesson.

Part 3: Culminating Experience Research

See File attached

Although we know you did not complete a full research project, you completed the research proposal with an idea of what your actual results could be. If you ever do complete a full research project, an important step is making sure your research is published/disseminated so that other nurse educator professionals can benefit from your hard work. There are many ways to disseminate information in nursing as seen in your text, including many different nursing journals.

As a nurse educator, you will engage in professional development and find peer-reviewed information to share with your students.

1. According to your research, describe a proposal-

2. Where it might fit if it were published and why.

3. Describe how you would disseminate your work and the reasons for your choice.

Part 4: Nursing Research

1. Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables.

2. Describe two ways that researchers attempt to control extraneous variables.

Part 5: Nursing Research

1. Describe the “levels of evidence”

2. Provide an example of the type of practice change that could result from each.

 

Part 6:  Advanced Family Practicum

Topic: Challenges of the interview of the ARNP initial post due this week

Listed below are the three most challenging interview questions you may experience during the interview process. To fully prepare the student for his or her future interview, please provide a clear and concise answer as to how you as the APRN will answer each interview question.

1. What is your Biggest Weakness? and why.

2. Describe how you resolved conflict with a co-worker or patient? and what do you learn?

3. Tell me about yourself? (2 personal and 2  nursing professional characteristics)