G – Please respond to this post with one paragraph an two citations to this post

Working in healthcare is arguably one of the most stressful careers: over 85% of nurses polled in a recent study agreed that they experience significant stress and/or anxiety at work (Machova et al, 2019; Jones-Schneck, 2020). This tension has been amplified among healthcare workers during the novel challenges the covid-19 pandemic has created. A solution to remedy this rampant burnout and unrest is desperately needed to salvage the healthcare workforce (Jones-Schneck, 2020). Research shows that animal assisted therapy (AAT) can be used to reduce anxiety. And depression among healthcare workers and has been shown to decrease levels of burnout (Machova et al., 2019). As both an animal lover and someone who has seen AAT successfully used to improve the health of my patients, it led me to the clinical inquiry of whether AAT can be used to decrease stress and burnout among healthcare workers in a hospital setting.

In daily practice, nurses are constantly forming hypothetical clinical inquiries in their minds in order to provide patients with the highest level of care (Laureate Education, 2018). Davies (2011) describes questions as “the driving force behind evidence based practice (EBP)” (p. 75). Healthcare workers who are motivated to improve patient care and the work environment are continuously creating questions, whether hypothetical or for research purposes (Laureate Education, 2018). Forming a PICOT question is the first step in the research process as it helps narrow down and organize important inquiries (Melnyck & Fineout-Overhault, 2018). The PICOT question I formulated for this discussion is: In adult healthcare workers ages 18-75 working in a hospital setting, how does the use of animal assisted therapy (AAT) compared with no intervention effect levels of stress and burnout?

literary searches

Several methods can be used to ensure literary searches produce the best. And most relevant data while encompassing the widest selection of articles. To begin my research. I used the CINAHL Plus with Full Text database and chose the limit words “animal assisted therapy”. And “healthcare workers”. To ensure the results were both relevant and rigorous, I changed the search options to display only full text, peer reviewed research conducted since 2016 (Walden University, n.d.).

This initial search resulted in only one single article, which was obviously not sufficient to gather data. To remedy the low number of resulting articles, I revisited the original CINAHL page. And used the Boolean phrase option to change my search terms to include “animal assisted therapy. Or pet therapy or animal therapy or animal intervention or animal assisted activity”. And “healthcare workers or healthcare professional or healthcare provider or healthcare personnel or doctor or nurse”.

Boolean phrases

The “and” connector in Boolean phrase terms is a restrictive search term to ensure both phrases are included in the results, whereas “or” allows one or the other to be included (Melnyck & Fineout-Overhault, 2018). Boolean phrases, such as these, are useful to broaden search results; indeed, the second search resulted in 48 articles, 23 of which were relevant to my clinical question, versus one in the first search (Melnyck & Fineout-Overhault, 2018). To refine my search even further, I reviewed the subject headings of the ten resulting articles. And tried adding in a third limit: “burnout or burn-out or burn out or stress. Or occupational stress or compassionate fatigue”. This changed my results to only six articles, however. Two were different from the second search so although the addition of a third limit word narrowed my results. It did help in data collection (Walden University, n.d.).

After using CINAHL, I searched the PubMed database, which is simple to use. And holds a wealth of information on clinical phenomenon (Laureate Education, 2018). I searched PubMed for “healthcare workers + animal assisted therapy + burnout”. Which resulted in five articles, one of which was different from the results of CINAHL. To increase the number of articles, I removed “burnout” from the search terms. And ended up with 40 articles, 15 of which were relevant to my research inquiry. Pubmed allows the useful option to refine search results by article type. Which is helpful when searching for a specific research method, such as a systematic review.

Respond to this post with one paragraph – nice paragraph and two citations

Nursing Theories​Healthcare managers need to identify leadership theories that are appropriate to the specific nursing practices. When the ideal leadership style is put in place. Nurses can grow their competencies to become good leaders. And improve interpersonal relationships with healthcare stakeholders. If the correct leadership theories are put into practice. Organizational conflicts and challenges caused by a lack of teamwork are kept at bay. Effective leadership, therefore. Leads to excellent delivery of healthcare where all consumer demands are met.​Transformational leadership theory asserts that leaders inspire employees into working towards common objectives and use such goals as a source of motivation (Lin et al., 2015).

The impact of transformational leadership

The impact of transformational leadership is evident where the leaders are trustworthy and dedicated towards a common objective. In nursing, a supervisor who supports nurses keeps them satisfied and motivated to work. Such leaders can motivate, empower. And set strategies that promote cooperation and effective communication. A study by Lin et al. (2015) on the effect of transformational leadership on the working environment. And quality of nurses’ lives found that this leadership style significantly contributes to job satisfaction. Organizational commitment, and a quality working life.​The theory of servant leadership is premised on the idea that leaders should serve their subordinates and followers. Such leaders seek to bring out the potential of their followers through their actions of selfless service (Aij & Rapsaniotis, 2017). The focus is on the well-being of those led rather than the leader’s self-interest.

forms of leadership

This style is important in leading nurses because it takes into consideration the emotional. And physical well-being of the nurses. Servant leaders value their subordinates and develop them through training, guidance, and recognition. Servant leadership style has proven effective in nursing because leadership is shared and authenticity is inculcated.​I have observed that in my organization there are hardly any conflicts. And further healthcare has been improving. Our model focuses on improving the skills. And competence of nurses and providing them with a conducive work environment.

Our shared objective is to improve patient care in a collaborative work environment. This success has been inspired by transformational. And servant leadership practices. References Aij, K. H., & Rapsaniotis, S. (2017). Leadership requirements for Lean versus servant leadership in health care: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 9, 1 Lin, P. Y., MacLennan, S., Hunt, N., & Cox, T. (2015). The influences of nursing transformational leadership style on the quality of nurses’ working lives in Taiwan: a cross-sectional quantitative study. BMC nursing, 14(1), 1-9.

Respond to this post with one paragraph – nice paragraph and two citations

Two key insights are how nurse leadership affects the quality of nursing. And patient outcomes and every employee requires a different form of leadership (Pullen, 2016). These two key insights are fundamental. They are concrete concepts that must be understood to lead effectively.

Transformational leadership is a unique form of leadership. That involves triggering motivation in employees to get them to perform a particular task. Transformational leadership consists of four I’s. (Individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation. Inspirational motivation, and idealized influence). Transactional leadership is a form of leadership. Where leaders ensure that a task is completed through reward or punishment (Maxwell, 2017).

Each employee requires different forms of leadership. Some employees require micromanagement. Some employees simply want to know the task. And take off running. Therefore, it is important to know which form of leadership is needed for each employee. However, transformational leadership allows for more intellectual growth. It can be modified to and tailored to meet the individual’s needs (Hughes, 2017).

For example, my boss is truly amazing. She has gotten to understand what motivates us. And tries to create an environment where we all feel as if were partaking in a mission greater than ourselves. However, she tries to be very flexible, accommodating, fair. And understanding. When I informed her that I wanted to go back to school. And become a nurse practitioner she immediately started writing my name on the board with the initials of nurse practitioner. She said it was a way to keep me motivated. It is those key concepts that trickle down and affect every aspect of patient care. When an employee feels empowered, they can better partake in the mission of the organization. This in turn helps to generate healthy patient outcomes. Effective leadership is a trickle effect.

References

Hughes, V. (2017). Standout nurse leaders…what’s in the research? Nursing Management, 48(9), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.numa.0000522171.08016.29

Maxwell, E. (2017). Good leadership in nursing: What is the most effective approach? Nursing Times. https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/leadership/good-leadership-in-nursing-what-is-the-most-effective-approach-17-07-2017/

Pullen, R. L. (2016). Leadership in nursing practice. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy!, 14(3), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nme.0000481442.05288.05

Scenario 1: One of the physicians on staff is telling you about a study that he is doing on his patients. He hopes to have the study published and to receive a grant to expand his research. He offers to hire you to help him with the data collection during your off hours. You accept and begin helping him. You start collecting data. When you access the file the next day, you realize that he has removed a number of patients from the study.

You suspect that they were removed intentionally, but you cannot be sure. You put your suspicions aside and proceed with your work and add more patients to the database. A few days later, more patients have been removed from the database. When you do some investigation, you discover that the patients who were removed were sicker and/or had a poor outcome. This is a problem and may prevent the rewarding of the grant money to this project.

Scenario 2: You are traveling with your work laptop to a conference and leave it for five minutes at the airport terminal as you go to the bathroom. You asked your colleague to keep an eye on it, but when you return, your colleague has boarded the plane and taken your belongings. As you look through, you realize your laptop is missing. When you confront your colleague, she says it was just there a moment ago and she is certain she brought it on board with her. Your laptop contains secure information regarding your organization and has remote access to your clinical information system. The policy at your organization for a data breach is to call tech support immediately and report the breach. You think it may just be misplaced and begin looking.

Choose one of the scenarios above and answer the following:

• What challenges are present in the scenario, and what are some steps that can be taken to address them?
• What is the relationship between ethics and policy? Do they always match up with one another?
• If individual ethics do not align with organizational policy, what might be the end result?

Support your answer with relevant resources.

Purpose:

The purpose of this Assignment is to give you a practical application to implement your PICOT idea, supported by the evidence-based research you have obtained in during your systematic review. You will apply evidence-based research findings discovered from your clinical question, and then integrate those to support your suggested change in nursing practice.

Directions:

1. Identify your refined PICOT question.
2. Using PubMed and the Cochrane collaboration database, do a systematic review of your clinical question.
3. Describe your systematic review and include an errors analysis.
4. Determine an evidence-based quantitative article from the search that contains an evidence-based randomized control trial.
5. Summarize the case study selected.
6. Describe the study approach, sample size, and population studied.
7. Apply the evidence from this review to your practice specifically in your overview.
8. Evaluate the outcomes, identifying the validity and reliability.
9. Discuss if the study contained any bias.
10. Determine the level of evidence identified in the review