Infectious Disease

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1. How is the Gram stain used to classify bacteria? How do antibiotics inhibit the growth of bacteria? Explain how carriers play an important role in the transmission of pathogens. Jan acquired a MRSA infection during a stay at a rehabilitation facility. Jan’s physician tells her that her MRSA was caused by S. aureus. How would you explain to Jan what S. aureus is and how it can cause diseases?

2. Lou had abdominal surgery. During his stay at the hospital a catheter was inserted into his bladder. After returning home Lou was diagnosed with a nosocomial infection. What are the principle routes of transmission of nosocomial infections, can be done to prevent nosocomial infections?

What;

are three reasons why rates of nosocomial infections are markedly higher in developing countries? What are five things that increase the risk of nosocomial infection?

3

is the difference between a neoplasm, benign tumor, and malignant tumor? Identify four chronic infections that may cause cancer, and what cancer the infection might cause. Mr. Brown age 63 and Mrs. Brown age 61, are being seen in for a routine check-up.

cancer screenings should Mr. and Mrs. Brown receive (name at least 3 and why)?

4. In Western societies, why is colorectal cancer the most common cancer, but yet there has been a decline in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer over the last 40 years? Identify and discuss four nonspecific warning signs of cancer and which cancer the warning sign is linked to. Aaron is a 28-year-old who had an EBV infection during high school. He noticed one of his lymph nodes in his neck is swollen but is not painful. He is also experiencing night sweats. What is a possible diagnosis? Give some possible treatments for this diagnosis?

What Is The Role Of International, National, Nongovernmental Organizations

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Leading, managing, and following are all important aspects of professional nursing. Regardless of position title, engaging in positive behaviors linked with these concepts has an impact on patient care and organizational outcomes. (Kerfoot, 2009) In clinical scenarios where no conventional solution exists, leadership is defined as the process of involved decision-making linked to actions made in the face of difficult, uncharted, or risky circumstances. Management is the active activity of guiding others via a set of deduced practices. And procedures that are evidence-based and proven to meet pre-determined results in clinical scenarios.

(Kerfoot, 2009);

By contributing to problem identification, accomplishing tasks. And offering input for evaluation. Followers engage with leading or managing individuals.

The behaviors that show leadership, managing. And following each other complement each other.

Every day, all interdisciplinary healthcare workers. Including professional nurses, face situations that require them to lead, manage, and follow.

To meet patient care and organizational requirements. Some formal positions, such as charge nurse or nurse manager, require an advanced set of leading. And managing skills to establish organizational goals. And objectives, oversee human resources. Provide staff with performance feedback, facilitate change, and manage conflict.

(Kerfoot, 2009)  An organization’s workflow is made up of the procedures it needs to complete, the people. Or other resources it has to complete those activities and the interactions between them. (Cain, Haque, 2008) It’s not just about increasing efficiency when it comes to designing an effective organizational workflow. Workflow processes are diagrams that show the care team how to achieve a specific goal. (Cain, Haque, 2008) A good workflow will aid in achieving those objectives promptly, resulting in care that is more consistent, dependable, safe. And compliant with industry standards. (Cain, Haque, 2008) I believe that these are positions that can be maneuvered by the nurse and are not fixed positions. For example, an RN can become a charge nurse through experience.

 

References:

Cain C, Haque S. Organizational Workflow and Its Impact on Work Quality. In: Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Apr. Chapter 31. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2638/

 (Links to an external site.) Kerfoot, K.M. (2009). Leadership: Social identity and guiding from within. Dermatology Nursing, 21(1), 45-47.

History and Theories of Psychopathology

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History and Theories of Psychopathology

The history of the diagnosis of mental disorders is fraught with examples of how cultural norms. And prejudices interfere with and warp a diagnosis. The result is that normal behavior. And orientations have been pathologized as an illness or disease. An example of this would be the story of Alan Turing, the famous British computer scientist of the 20th century. Who was instrumental in inventing modern computers. And deciphering German code in World War II.

He was convicted in 1952 in England of gross indecency for being gay. Turing was forced by the courts to undergo 12 months of hormone therapy and could no longer work for the British government. At the time, homosexuality was pathologized as a mental disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and was criminalized in most Western countries. It was not until 1973 that the American Psychiatric Association (APA) finally removed homosexuality from the DSM.

Historically, the process of rendering a diagnosis has been used to pathologize those who fell outside what was considered the cultural norm of human behavior. This process often marginalized diagnosed populations and prevented individuals from receiving appropriate care. It is of utmost importance to consider cultural issues that influence how you as a clinician interpret a client’s behavior and how cultural issues influence how a client may express behavior. This week, you explore the history of psychopathology and the evolution of theoretical perspectives in the field.

Objective

·  Analyze historical and currently recognized biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors that inform the expression, course, and prevalence of psychopathology

 

Discussion: Factors That Influence the Development of Psychopathology

 

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Blend Images

In many realms of medicine, objective diagnoses can be made: A clavicula is broken.  An infection is present. TSH levels meet the diagnostic criteria for hypothyroidism. Psychiatry, on the other hand, deals with psychological phenomena and behaviors. Can these, too, be “defined objectively and by scientific criteria (Gergen, 1985), or are they social constructions?” (Sadock et al., 2015).

Thanks to myriad advances during recent decades, we know that psychopathology is caused by many interacting factors. Theoretical and clinical contributions to the field have come from the neural sciences, genetics, psychology, and social-cultural sciences. How do these factors impact the expression, classification, diagnosis, and prevalence of psychopathology, and why might it be important for a nurse practitioner to take a multidimensional, integrative approach?

To Prepare:

· Review this week’s Learning Resources, considering the many interacting factors that contribute to the development of psychopathology.

· Consider how theoretical perspective on psychopathology impacts the work of the PMHNP.

 

1.Explain the biological (genetic and neuroscientific); psychological (behavioral and cognitive processes, emotional, developmental); and social, cultural, and interpersonal factors that influence the development of psychopathology. You are required to include at least 3 evidence-based peer-reviewed journal articles or evidenced based guidelines which relates to this case to support your diagnostics and differentials diagnoses. Be sure to use correct APA 6th edition formatting.

 

2.Complete two essays explaining the implications of why, as an advanced practice nurse, it is important to adopt a multidimensional, integrative model of psychopathology.

You are required to include at least 3 evidence-based peer-reviewed journal articles or evidenced based guidelines which relates to this case to support your diagnostics and differentials diagnoses. Be sure to use correct APA 6th edition formatting.

Contemplation And Consideration

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Introduction
Some people believe that you can tell who a person is by what they do when no one is looking. Let’s look at the following case. John Doe, a nurse, has downloaded an application to her phone that allows him to download copyrighted textbooks for a nursing course (that Doe is going to take) without his Internet Service Provider knowing it. The application is called “Cloak” as in cloak of invisibility (a hooded coat one wears to make it so others cannot see you). The application disguises his phone and makes it so the information on it is inaccessible. John is aware that other people who are of a lower socio-economic status (like him) also use this software program for the same reason (and to save money),  knows that his religion forbids him from using this application to download in this manner.And is focused on his own economic situation and does not consider the publisher, author, and others involved in the books. Think about a course of social action; what social values should be used to address this moral issue and conflict.

  • Initial Post Instructions
    Create a personal ethical philosophy and explain from which philosophy or philosophies (it must include at least one of the following: virtue ethics, Kantian ethics, utilitarianism, virtue ethics, or social contract ethics) you created it and why the contents are important and meaningful for you. List its precepts.
  • Take your personal ethical philosophy statement and use it to work through John Doe’s case. What is moral and immoral per your theory?
  • How would the veil of ignorance or a different theory of justice address John Doe’s case?

Writing Requirements

  • Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside scholarly source)
  • APA format for in-text citations and list of references

Personal Moral Theory

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Instructions
Now that you have had an opportunity to explore ethics formally, create a reflective assessment of your learning experience and the collaborations you engaged in throughout this session. You will submit both of the following:

  • A written reflection
  • An oral presentation using a PowerPoint narrated slide show.

For the written reflection, address Jane Doe’s and respond to the following:

  • Articulate again your moral theory from week eight discussion (You can revise it if you wish). What two ethical theories best apply to it? Why those two?
  • Apply to Jane Doe’s case your personal moral philosophy as developed in week eight discussion and now. Use it to determine if what Jane Doe did was ethical or unethical per your own moral philosophy.
  • Consider if some of these examples are more grave instances of ethical transgressions than others. Explain.
  • Propose a course of social action and a solution by using the ethics of egoism, utilitarianism, the “veil of ignorance” method, deontological principles, and/or a theory of justice to deal with students like  Jane. Consider social values such as those concerning ways of life while appraising the interests of diverse populations (for instance, those of differing religions and economic status).

For the oral presentation, briefly summarize your feelings about taking a course in Ethics and explore your process of transformation in this course.

  • Discuss your experiences of the course, your beginnings, and where you are now. Consider your interaction in discussions.
  • Should health care workers be required to take a course in Ethics? Why or why not

Current Healthcare Issues

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Instructions

(this is a continuation of the last assignment), but not an annotation. It’s a full paper

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

1. Describe the health care problem or issue you selected for use in Assessment 2 (from the  Assessment Topic Areas  media piece) and provide details about it.

1. Explore your chosen topic. For this, you should use the first four steps of the  Socratic Problem-Solving Approach  to aid your critical thinking. This approach was introduced in Assessment 2.

1. Identify possible causes for the problem or issue.

1. Use scholarly information to describe and explain the health care problem or issue and identify possible causes for it.

2. Identify at least three scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles about the topic.

1. You may find the  How Do I Find Peer-Reviewed Articles?  library guide helpful in locating appropriate references.

1. You may use articles you found while working on Assessment 2 or you may search the Capella library for other articles.

1. You may find the applicable Undergraduate Library Research Guide helpful in your search.

. Review the  Think Critically About Source Quality  to help you complete the following:

2. Assess the credibility of the information sources.

2. Assess the relevance of the information sources.

· Analyze the health care problem or issue.

. Describe the setting or context for the problems or issues.

. Describe why the problem or issue is important to you.

. Identify groups of people affected by the problem or issue.

. Provide examples that support your analysis of the problem or issue.

· Discuss potential solutions for the health care problem or issue.

. Describe what would be required to implement a solution.

. Describe potential consequences of ignoring the problem or issue.

. Provide the pros and cons for one of the solutions you are proposing.

· Analyze the ethical implications if the potential solution (the one for which you provide pros and cons) were to be implemented.

. Provide examples from the literature to support the points you are making.

. Discuss the pros and cons of implementing the proposed solution from an ethical principle point of view.

. Describe what would be required to implement the proposed solution.

Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

· Assessment 3 Example [PDF] .

 

Organize your paper using the following structure and headings:

· Title page. A separate page.

· Introduction. A brief one-paragraph statement about the purpose of the paper.

· Elements of the problem/issue. Identify the elements of the problem or issue or question.

· Analysis. Analyze, define, and frame the problem or issue.

· Considering options. Consider solutions, responses, or answers.

· Solution. Choose a solution, response, or answer.

· Ethical implications. Ethical implications of implementing the solution.

· Implementation. Implementation of the potential solution.

· Conclusion. One paragraph.

 

Instructions

 

 

(this is a continuation of the last assignment)

, but

not an annotation.

I

t’s a

 

full paper

 

Note

: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the

scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are

encouraged to review the

performance

–

level descriptions for each criterion to see

how your work will be assessed.

 

1.

 

Describe the health care problem or issue you selected for use in Assessment

2 (from the

 

Assessment

 

Topic

 

Areas

 

media piece) and provide details about

it.

 

·

 

Explore your chosen topic. For this, you should use the first four steps

of the

 

Socratic

 

Problem

Factors That Influence The Development Of Psychopathology

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In many realms of medicine, objective diagnoses can be made: A clavicula is broken.  An infection is present. TSH levels meet the diagnostic criteria for hypothyroidism. Psychiatry, on the other hand. Deals with psychological phenomena and behaviors. Can these, too, be “defined objectively and by scientific criteria (Gergen, 1985). Or are they social constructions?” (Sadock et al., 2015).

Thanks to myriad advances during recent decades. We know that psychopathology is caused by many interacting factors. Theoretical and clinical contributions to the field have come from the neural sciences, genetics, psychology. And social-cultural sciences. How do these factors impact the expression, classification, diagnosis. And prevalence of psychopathology, and why might it be important for a nurse practitioner. To take a multidimensional, integrative approach?

To Prepare:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources, considering the many interacting factors that contribute to the development of psychopathology.
  • Consider how theoretical perspective on psychopathology impacts the work of the PMHNP.
By Day 3 of Week 1

Explain the biological (genetic and neuroscientific); psychological (behavioral and cognitive processes, emotional, developmental); and social, cultural, and interpersonal factors that influence the development of psychopathology.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses

By Day 6 of Week 1

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on 2 different days by explaining the implications of why, as an advanced practice nurse, it is important to adopt a multidimensional, integrative model of psychopathology.

Clinical Skills Self-Assessment

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Before embarking on any professional or academic activity, it is important to understand the background, knowledge, and experience you bring to it. You might ask yourself, “What do I already know? What do I need to know? And what do I want to know?” This critical self-reflection is especially important for developing clinical skills, such as those for advanced practice nursing.

The PRAC 6635 Clinical Skills List and PRAC 6635 Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form, provided in the Learning Resources, can be used to celebrate your progress throughout your practicum and identify skills gaps. The list covers all necessary skills you should demonstrate during your practicum experience.

For this Assignment, you assess where you are now in your clinical skill development and make plans for this practicum. Specifically, you will identify strengths and opportunities for improvement regarding the required practicum skills. In this practicum experience, when developing your goals and objectives, be sure to keep assessment and diagnostic reasoning in mind.

To prepare:

  • Review the clinical skills in the PRAC 6635 Clinical Skills List document. It is recommended that you print out this document to serve as a guide throughout your practicum.
  • Review the “Developing SMART Goals” resource on how to develop goals and objectives that follow the SMART framework.
  • Download the PRAC 6635 Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form to complete this Assignment.

Assignment

Use the PRAC 6635 Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form to complete the following:

  • Rate yourself according to your confidence level performing the procedures identified on the Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form.
  • Based on your ratings, summarize your strengths and opportunities for improvement.
  • Based on your self-assessment and theory of nursing practice, develop three to four (3–4) measurable goals and objectives for this practicum experience. Include them on the designated area of the form.
By Day 7

Submit your completed Clinical Skills Self-Assessment Form.

employment strategies

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Employment

During the course of this certificate program you have spent a considerable amount of time working on employment strategies. You likely decided to return to school because you know education is the best path to employment. Employers are looking for employees with a solid skill set, the ability to learn, and the soft skills to be a good employee.

The skill set comes with the courses, the ability to learn is shown by passing the courses and earning the Certificate, the soft skills we have both included in coursework and exemplified by our actions. Soft skills are those things that make good employees. Good employees arrive to work on time, work hard during paid hours, treat everyone with dignity and respect, and are honest and trustworthy.

Do not be afraid to include within your ePortfolio these aspects of your work ethic.

Complete this phase of the ePortfolio.

Include the following aspects in the assignment:

Ø  Meet with your Career Corner Mentor for a final wrap-up

Ø  Add any missing pieces to your ePortfolio

Ø  Send your ePortfolio link to a potential employer

Ø  Complete a job interview (if possible)

Ø  Submit the link of your ePortfolio to the dropbox for the instructor to grade

Ø  Write a reflection of this entire process and submit to the dropbox. This reflection should be 1-2 pages long and address each point. College writing should always have proper sentence structure, grammar and spelling as should the ePortfolio.

EBP’s date of birth

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Research week 1 – page 4 APA style citations

Discussion – Week 1

COLLAPSE

Top of Form

Where in the World Is Evidence-Based Practice?

March 21, 2010, was not EBP’s date of birth, but it may be the date the approach “grew up” and left home to take on the world.

When the Affordable Care Act was passed, it came with a requirement of empirical evidence. Research on EBP increased significantly. Application of EBP spread to allied health professions, education, healthcare technology, and more. Health organizations began to adopt and promote EBP.

In this Discussion, you will consider this adoption. You will examine healthcare organization websites and analyze to what extent these organizations use EBP.

To Prepare:

1. Review the Resources and reflect on the definition and goal of EBP.

2. Choose a professional healthcare organization’s website (e.g., a reimbursing body, an accredited body, or a national initiative).

3. Explore the website to determine where and to what extent EBP is evident.

Bottom of Form

 

Create a paper 1 page ( 4 APA style citations with description of the healthcare organization website you reviewed. Describe where, if at all, EBP appears (e.g., the mission, vision, philosophy, and/or goals of the healthcare organization, or in other locations on the website). Then, explain whether this healthcare organization’s work is grounded in EBP and why or why not. Finally, explain whether the information you discovered on the healthcare organization’s website has changed your perception of the healthcare organization. Be specific and provide examples.