Compare Independent Variables, Dependent Variables, And Extraneous Variables

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1 postsRe: Topic 4 DQ 1
Independent variables are the ones that are manipulated by a researcher. Whereas dependent variables are those that are impacted by the manipulation of the independent variables. Extraneous variables are those variables that have an undesirable impact in an experiment. Under ideal circumstances, manipulating the independent variable will cause a change in the dependent variable. All the other variables should not be effected. This, in turn, helps establish a causal relationship. However, sometimes other factors can have an impact on the dependent variables, in addition to the independent variable (Pourhoseingholi et al., 2016).

Therefore, the extraneous variables lower the credibility of the experiment results by providing an alternative explanation, which in turn can make it difficult to establish a causal relationship which is often the goal of the researchers. It becomes even more problematic if the extraneous variables change along with the dependent variable, therefore becoming confounding variables. The major ways that researchers try to restrict the impact of extraneous variables are randomizing, restricting and matching. In randomizing, the subjects involved are all exposed to the extraneous variables, therefore creating consistent groups. In restricting, the variations in the extraneous variables are eliminated to prevent changes, and in matching, the subjects are selected in a way the extraneous factors are matched and they no longer remain extraneous factors (Kahlert et al., 2017)

Using 200-300 APA format with at least two references to support the discussion

 

Developed theory to be used in Metaparadigm of Nursing

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Link the theory you developed with the Metaparadigm of Nursing.  Each of the elements of the Metaparadigm should be represented in your theory. Revise your theory if necessary to include each of the components of the Metaparadigm.

Developed theory to be used

Concept

Observation is an important aspect of nursing that creates a quest for knowledge leading to the creation of theories. These theories help in ensuring patient safety and quality care. Also, they help in explaining or predicting phenomenon for observation. One important theory is the theory of beta-blockers agent. The use of beta-blockers agent has been underused because of adverse events, negative effects on short term, or complex management (Klapholz, 2009). However, there is proof that beta-blocker agent are beneficial to CHF patients leading to increased life expectancy.

Theory

My theory is significant because it has been proven effective in treating CHF patients in various stages. For example, the use of ACE inhibitors in treatment of hypertension and diabetes patients who are at high risk of developing HF. Further, blockers are used on asymptomatic patients with abnormal cardiac structure or function, and symptomatic patients with HF. My theory remains relevant because beta-blockers prevent progression, improve outcomes and reverse remodeling on patients (Klapholz, 2009). Therefore, the concept I have identified may be sued to support nurse use of this theory on CHF patients.

Empirical

There are successful practical applications of my theory. A study by the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Program with placebo on a 35% or less LVEF showed a 65% decrease in all-cause mortality, and reduced hospitalization for cardiovascular cause (Klapholz, 2009). There is also evidence that supports the use of beta-blockers in patients with mild to moderate HF. Therefore, if beta-blockers are important in treating HF patients because they reduce the likelihood of progression.

Expectations

Initial Post:

Due: Thursday, 11:59 pm PT
Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including references
Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years

Metaparadigm of Nursing

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Metaparadigm of Nursing

Take one component in the Metaparadigm of Nursing, identify and discuss the concept or concepts of Watson’s Theory of Caring that support that Watson wrote a theory of nursing based on the criteria established in the Metaparadigm of Nursing.

Expectations

Initial Post:

  • Due: Saturday, 11:59 pm PT
  • Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including references
  • Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years

Policy And Advocacy For Improving Population Health

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To Prepare:

  • Review the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template provided in the Resources.
  • Select an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation or choose one of interest to you.
  • Review community, state, or federal policy evaluation and reflect on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program or policy described.

The Assignment: (2–3 pages)

Based on the program or policy evaluation you selected, complete the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template. Be sure to address the following:

  • Describe the healthcare program or policy outcomes.
  • How was the success of the program or policy measured?
  • How many people were reached by the program or policy selected?
  • How much of an impact was realized with the program or policy selected?
  • At what point in program implementation was the program or policy evaluation conducted?
  • What data was used to conduct the program or policy evaluation?
  • What specific information on unintended consequences was identified?
  • What stakeholders were identified in the evaluation of the program or policy? Who would benefit most from the results and reporting of the program or policy evaluation? Be specific and provide examples.
  • Did the program or policy meet the original intent and objectives? Why or why not?
  • Would you recommend implementing this program or policy in your place of work? Why or why not?
  • Identify at least two ways that you, as a nurse advocate, could become involved in evaluating a program or policy after 1 year of implementation.

Excel descriptive statistics for data analysis research

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Discussion Question

Using the Excel Sheet and descriptive statistics page; you will write up your analysis for the 20 participants.

This week, you learned about the statistical software applications used to analyze data for research analysis. For this week’s discussion, you will use Excel sheet provide to run descriptive statistics, create graphs and respond to the following:

  • How could you use Excel descriptive statistics for data analysis research?
  • What are your plans for learning more about Excel and how will the information you learned about this software be of benefit in your future analysis of research data?

Refer to this week’s readings and video tutorials before starting this two part discussion question assignment. 

Step 1: Entering Data

Open a blank worksheet in the Excel program

You will now use Excel to view a sample dataset

Dataset Options

In many cases, researchers may have the data from their study in another software package like Microsoft Excel. However, if the data is not available in a software spreadsheet you can manually enter the data. Option 2: Manual Data Entry

In the Worksheet window, type “Age” in C1. Enter the numbers as shown in the dataset below. Enter the remaining data as shown below (set up your column labels i.e., variable). The measure reflects math anxiety and the study variables (cringe, uneasy, afraid, worried, understand) the math anxiety range is from 1–5 with low being the least and 5 the highest.

Example graph attached

Step 2: Click on Excel tab for Add Ins; if you do not see statistics; you will need to open the file option; click on Add ins; click on ok; a box will open which will allow you to choose Statistics package; place a check mark in the box and click ok. How to Run Descriptive Statistics

Now that your data is in Excel, you will look at the descriptive statistics for this dataset. Select the data in all the columns except the top that has words for the columns; however you have the file already completed and a picture of the descriptive statistics..See end of page for a copy of the excel sheet and descriptive statistics output.

Discussion Question Part 1

How could you use Excel descriptive statistics for data analysis research? Write about your experience running descriptive statistics. Use the results in the Session Window to support your response. Then add to your discussion with the information you learn writing up your analysis.

Step 3: Excel and Graphs

You will now look at graphing. Select insert graph located at the top of the sheet; highlight the data you want to use for a chart; select the type of chart; select ok. Try using the histogram  feature for one of the variables and select “Ok”. You can create other Histogram graphs by choosing different variables. You can also choose from the other ten graph choices shown on the insert chart function.

Discussion Question Part 2

What are your plans for learning more about Excel and how will the information you learned about this software be of benefit in your future analysis of research data? Copy and paste your graph(s) in a Word document and attach to your discussion response.

Professional Organizations

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What type of nursing would you like to practice in your career? Search for a professional organization specific to the specialty to which you aspire. Click “Create a New Thread” and title your thread with your last name and the name of the organization you have researched. (ex: “Duff: Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric, Neonatal Nurses“). Include the following information in your post:

  • Name of organization and link to website
  • Purpose of the organization, including mission/vision or philosophy
  • How to become a member (including price of dues, if applicable)
  • Benefits of joining
  • Would you join this organization? Why or why not?

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing

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NRG5000 Theoretical Foundations of Nursing

Dr. Lisa Capps, Faculty

 

 

15

 

Please choose a nursing article and the Article should not be less than 2017.

The articles you use should be things that genuinely interest you because they will probably be interesting to your peers as well. Choose interesting article related to nursing

 

APA format with reference

Discuss and summarize the article and state how the class can benefit from it

Should be one page

Pls attach the PDF of the article you use

 

 

 

Do not write about

Cancer

Palliative care

Geriatric nursing

Building Capacity in Health Professionals to Conduct Quality Improvement

A Unified Approach to Quality from the Bedside to C-Suite and Back Again

Pls do not write about the same topic you wrote on before.

 

 

Revised 6/11/2021

effect on medication errors

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Find two primary articles that identified as most important on this research topic: “Self-care (lack of) and its effect on medication errors, fatigue, burnout”

 Everything you are going to need is in the attachment and don’t forget to do as it asks. 

I need all the criteria to be meet.

P.S please follow the instructions in the instructions box images. This paper is very important. Use the scholarly articles that are less than 5 years published.  Don’t forget to go over the rubric while you write the paper. I need 3-4 pages, appendix table, and not including the title and references page

Data Analysis Activity

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Homework is due on Saturday

1. Download the Data Analysis Activity attached below.

2. Answer all the questions associated with each table to get full point

3. Scroll all the way down to access all question.

Quantitative Data Analysis Activity

Instructions: Read each table and answer the questions below each one.

Reading Descriptive Tables

1. How many nurses total were in the sample?

2. How many GICU nurses assessed the patient prior to suctioning?

3. What percentage of GICU nurses failed to prepare he patient prior to suctioning?

4. How many GICU nurses did not prehyperoxygenate prior to suctioning?

5. What percentage of CICU nurses did not instill NaCl prior to suctioning?

 

Reading Correlational Tables

 

1. Which pair of variables have a strong positive correlation?

2. Which pairs of variables have a moderate negative correlation?

3. Which pair of variables has the weakest correlation? Is it positive or negative?

4. What is the correlation coefficient for social support and adaptive problem solving? Name the direction and strength of the relationship.

5. What is the correlation coefficient for HF symptoms and depressive symptoms? Name the direction and strength of the relationship.

6. Which pairs of variables are statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level?

Reading OR/RR Tables

 

1. How many participants were in the sample?

2. How many smokers experienced delayed healing?

3. What three complications have the lowest RR?

4. In plain language, interpret the statistics for delayed healing in relation to smokers.

5. In plain language, interpret the statistics for nerve injury in relation to smokers

Human Subjects Protection

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This course is designed to prepare investigators involved in the design. And/or conduct of research involving human subjects to understand their obligations. To protect the rights. And welfare of subjects in research. The course material presents basic concepts, principles. And issues related to the protection of research participants.

Evidence based research involving human subjects requires that researchers be cognizant of. And adhere to the important tenets necessary to protect subjects from abuse, harm, injury. And/or other undesirable outcomes resulting from the research process.  Based on this fact, write a minimum of 2 pages. (Title page and Reference not included in page count) of an APA formatted paper answering the following questions with a minimum of 3 “short” sentences for each question:

1. Historical background of human subjects protection? (10 points)

2. Find and discuss at least one historical incident of human subjects abuse in research. And what human right was violated. (10 points)

3. What steps will you take to minimize risks on human subjects? (10 points)

4. What populations are considered vulnerable populations and why? (10 points)

5. What are appropriate ways to recruit subjects? (10 points)

6. How would you properly obtain consent? (10 points)

7. What are the elements of a properly executed consent? (10 points)

8. What committees are responsible for monitoring the protection of human subjects? (10 points)

9.

· Length: a minimum of 2 pages. Title page and references not included in page count

· Citations: a minimum of 2