Systems of innovation

Answer the following questions about the systems of innovation:

1. Describe the key differences between National/Regional systems of Innovation and Triple Helix

2. Describe how Quadruple and Quintuple Helix add on the Triple Helix framework

Note

you have to answer these 2 ques 1200 words

reassures for writing this assessments

Carayannis, E, G, Grigoroudis, E, Campbell, D, F, J, Meissner, D & Stamatis, D 2018, ‘The ecosystem as helix: an exploratory theory‐building study of regional co‐operative entrepreneurial ecosystems as Quadruple/Quintuple Helix Innovation Models’, R & D Management, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 148–162. https://cdu-edu-

Carayannis, E, G, Barth, T, D & Campbell, D, F, J 2012. ‘The Quintuple Helix innovation model: global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation’, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–12.

Lundvall, B 2010, National Systems of Innovation: Toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Anthem Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/cdu/detail.action?docID=840472

Cooke, P, Uranga, M, G & Etxebarria, G 1997, ‘Regional innovation systems: Institutional and organisational dimensions’, Research Policy, vol. 26, pp. 475-491.

Ranga, M, Etzkowitz, H 2013, ‘Triple Helix Systems: An Analytical Framework for Innovation Policy and Practice in the Knowledge Society’, Industry & higher education, vol. 27, no. 4, pp.237-262.

Yigitcanlar, T, Edvardsson, I, R, Johannesson, H, Kamruzzaman, M, Ioppolo, G & Pancholi, S 2017. Knowledge-based development dynamics in less favoured regions: Insights from Australian and Icelandic university towns. European Planning Studies, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 2272–2292. https://cdu-edu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/f/7r169d/TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1080_09654313_2017_1358699

Systems of innovation