Epidemiology Research Article Analysis and Critique

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Research Article Analysis and Critique

Read Chapter 14 of the textbook and use the Outline for Critiquing Epidemiological Studies available on page 369 to review and critique one of the two studies below:

• Fisher, L. B., Miles, I. W., Austin, S. B., Camargo, C. A., & Colditz, G. A. (2007). Predictors of initiation of alcohol use among US adolescents: findings from a prospective cohort study. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(10), 959-966.
• Tehranifar, P., Leighton, J., Auchincloss, A. H., Faciano, A., Alper, H., Paykin, A., & Wu, S. (2008). Immigration and risk of childhood lead poisoning: findings from a case–control study of New York City children. American Journal of Public Health, 98(1), 92-97.

Answer the Following Questions:

1. What is the purpose of the study? Specify the association being studied. Describe the exposure and the outcome
2. What is the study design?
3. What are the study findings? Describe the results. Describe the author’s conclusions
4. Describe the potential for each of the following threats to study’s internal validity. Discuss the impact each issue could have on study results:
   • Nondifferential misclassification of exposure
   • Nondifferential misclassification of outcome
   • Confounding
   • Selection Bias
   • Information Bias
   • Generalizability – Assuming that the study is internally valid, to whom could the results be generalized
5. Based on your assessment of the study, do you agree with the conclusion reached by the authors regarding the relationship between exposure and outcome?
6. Using the Bradford Hill criteria, does the study provide any evidence for or against a cause and effect? Describe the basis of your response.

A few instructions:

1. Your answers cannot be monosyllabic; always explain your answer.
2. Do not make some general methodological term or principle without linking it up specifically to something in the article (or to something missing in the article).
3. Do not provide vague or evasive answers; your answers should be specific.