Submit a preliminary literature review that will form the basis of your background information that provides the basis for your hypothesis. A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research.

Writing a literature review involves finding relevant publications (such as books and journal articles), critically analyzing them, and explaining what you found. You should have at least 4-5 resources, two of which are primary resources (research published in a major journal for the first time and not summarized or referenced by someone else). The minimum required word count is 400 words using APA format. Follow the guideline below, then view the sample.

Outline for writing your literature review:

 

1. Introduction (without this heading)

Write an introduction paragraph for your review. This paragraph

a. states the topic and inquiry questions for this review

b. tells the reader specific information on how many articles you reviewed and how you sorted the articles into common themes based on findings (results).

 

2. Body (without this heading)

Before you begin this section, be sure that you have sorted your articles into different themes based on the articles’ findings (sometimes called results). After you sort your articles, it is important to give your sorted groups a descriptive name. The names of the sorted articles will become your headings for each of the paragraphs that you write in the body of your review. The body of your literature review will include,

 

a. Theme 1: a paragraph or several paragraphs that describe the first theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.

b. Theme 2: a paragraph or several paragraphs that describes the second theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.

d. Theme 3: a paragraph or several paragraphs that describes the third theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.

… …

 

3 Summary

This is the last paragraph of your literature review. In this paragraph, it is important to briefly summarize the main findings from the articles that you reviewed and to point out how your inquiry questions were answered or not answered, what the gap is (what if my questions are all answered – you then need to identify new inquiries so that you will contribute to the field)..

 

4. References

This is the last pages of your review. It serves as a listing of all references that you mentioned in your paper (both draft 1 and draft 2). Please make sure that only references cited in your drafts will be listed here. Other references that you earlier found/read but not cited will be listed in your bibliography. Please use APA style when completing this list.

 

 

Sample Preliminary Literature Review

The United States is currently the world leader in pecan crop production, accounting for more than 50% of the total production. However, during the last decades, pecan crop production has been introduced to several other countries, including South Africa, Brazil, Australia, Argentina, and China (McEachern, 2014). Pecan trees have two major multiannual reproductive strategies: 1) heavy fruit load in one year, and 2) low fruit load in the following year. This is called alternate bearing (Goldschmidt, 2013). Pecan yield may be inhibited by several factors, such as low rainfall, extreme temperature, high evaporation rates and saline groundwater (Flores et al., 2017).

However, several measures can be taken to ensure high yield of pecan nut. Sammis et al (2013) suggested that water and nitrogen management are very important measures to improve pecan crop yield. High fertilizer costs, lack of water as well as environmental demands have lately resulted in increased interest in nutrient and water management practices. Another important factor that will improve pecan yield include vegetation control in the areas surrounding young bearing pecan trees (Faircloth et al., 2007), since overcrowding may lead to competition of water (Smith et al., 2002), competition of nutrients (Goff et al., 1991) and allelopathy (Smith et al., 2001).

 

References

Flores, A. M., Brian J. Schutte, David Daniel, Geno Picchioni, & Manoj K. Shukla. (2017).

Physiologic response of six plant species grown in two contrasting soils and irrigated brackish groundwater and RO concentrate. Arid Land Research and Management, 31(2), 182–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2016.1275068

Goff, W. D., Patterson, M. G., & West, M. S. (1991). Orchard floor management practices

influence elemental concentrations in young pecan trees. HortScience, 26(11), 1379-1381.

Goldschmidt, E. (2013). The Evolution of Fruit Tree Productivity: A Review. Economic Botany,

67(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-012-9219-y

For this discussion, you will imagine yourself as a forensic technician for a small agency working a crime scene with a brand-new detective. The scenario is based off the Crime 360: Welcome to Homicide  video segments. Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please review the following:

• From the text:
  • Chapter 1: Forensic Science and Criminalistics
  • Chapter 2: Crime Scene Processing and Analysis and Forensic Technologies
• From the free, downloadable resource at the web page Crime Scene Investigation Guide (Links to an external site.):
  • Section A: Arriving at the Scene
  • Section B: Preliminary Documentation & Evaluation of the Scene
• From the video Crime 360: Welcome to Homicide :
  • Segment 1. 911 Call  2:51
  • Segment 2. Reaction to Dead Body  1:57
• The free PDF copy at the web page Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009) (Links to an external site.)

rural agency

You work for a small, rural agency that is just starting their own Crime Scene Response Unit (CSRU). So far, it is just you, and an intern volunteering part time for college credit. Your forensic lab is also limited, and any advanced scientific analysis must be sent out to the State Crime Lab.

You will be working with a new homicide detective (see the video Crime 360: Welcome to Homicide). While Detective Shane has a senior detective helping him, you are still depended on to ensure the forensic piece is handled appropriately.

What are your steps in securing the scene and evidence? What steps will you take to correctly process this scene? Include and specifically address the following:

• • How to thoroughly record a crime scene including searching the scene.
  • What tools or resources will be needed?
  • Packaging physical evidence.
  • Maintaining proper chain of custody.
  • Identify what types of evidence you might hope to find.

The body of your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from this week’s required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources and properly cite any references. Remember science is objective, not a matter of subjective opinions.

Take the law library virtual tours at the sites listed below, visiting each tab and area, being sure to click on embedded informational links and numbered sections of maps. Write a 3-4 page (Double spaced, 12  report comparing the five (5) sites, explaining which site you favored most and why, and discussing whether or not you felt exploring a law library virtually was as beneficial as visiting one personally. You may need to copy and paste the below links into your web browser.

• UCLA School of Law’s Hugh & Hazel Darling Law Library: https://www.law.ucla.edu/library/online-library-tour/ (Links to an external site.)
• University of Wisconsin Law Library: https://library.law.wisc.edu/information/maps-tours/ (Links to an external site.)
• Indiana University—Bloomington, Maurer School of Law’s Jerome Hall Law Library: https://www.youvisit.com/tour/lawlibtour/law_library_virtual_tour (Links to an external site.)
• George Washington University’s Jacob Burns Law Library:  https://law.gwu.libguides.com/library-tour (Links to an external site.)
• University of Memphis School of Law: Law Virtual Tour – School of Law – The University of Memphis

Lynne Meyer, on her way to a business meeting. And in a hurry, stopped by a Buy-Mart store for a new car charger for her smartphone. There was a long line at one of the checkout counters, but a cashier, Valerie Watts, opened another counter and began loading the cash drawer. Meyer told Watts that she was in a hurry and asked Watts to work faster. Watts, however, only slowed her pace. At this point, Meyer hit Watts. It is not clear whether Meyer hit Watts intentionally or, in an attempt to retrieve the car charger, hit her inadvertently. In response, Watts grabbed Meyer by the hair and hit her repeatedly in the back of the head, while Meyer screamed for help.

Management personnel separated the two women and questioned them about the incident. Watts was immediately fired for violating the store’s no-fighting policy. Meyer subsequently sued Buy-Mart, alleging that the store was liable for the tort (assault and battery) committed by its employee. Using the information presented in the chapter, answer the following questions.

1. Under what doctrine discussed in this chapter might Buy-Mart be held liable for the tort committed by Watts?
2. What is the key factor in determining whether Buy-Mart is liable under this doctrine?
3. Did Watts’s behavior constitute an intentional tort or a tort of negligence? How would this differ-ence affect Buy-Mart’s potential liability?
4. Suppose that when Watts applied for the job at Buy-Mart, she disclosed in her application that she had previously been convicted of felony assault and battery. Nevertheless, Buy-Mart hired Watts as a cashier. How might this fact affect Buy-Mart’s liability for Watts’s actions?

Note: not more than two pages.