Natural Selection and Patterns of Evolution Worksheet

Complete the worksheet writing 100- to 200-word short answers for each question. Format your references consistent with APA guidelines.

1.  What is the direct evidence in support of the theory of natural selection? Include at least four examples.

2.  Humans shape their environment in ways that other organisms cannot. Are humans subject to the same pressures of natural selection as other organisms? Why?

3.  Provide an example of convergent and divergent evolution, adaptive radiation, and co-evolution. Then, choose one of the examples you provided. What implications might this example have for future humans?

4.  How does a new species evolve from a pre-existing species? Include a brief analysis of the factors affecting speciation.

Health Care Organizations in U.S.

Conduct a research on one of the top fifteen health care organizations in the U.S.

Your research should include the following questions:

• How will you find listings of the top fifteen health care systems?
• What are the various components of the selected health care system? How does it rank in terms of reduced mortality and infection rates?
• What are the services provided by the healthcare delivery system?
• What are the current trends contributing to the high ranking and the future path of this health care organization?
• How does the organization manage and distribute resources for improved patient care?

In a Microsoft Word document, create a 2- to 3-page report, on the basis of your research. Provide at least two resources or journal articles referring to the selected organization.

Support your responses with examples.

Cite any sources in APA format.

Submission Details>

• Name your document SU_HSC4021_W4_A2_LastName_FirstInitial.doc.
• Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.

One biomanufacturing-related example which we have looked after reading those articles which you believe will be significantly impacted by new advances in biotechnology as it applies to biomanufacturing.  This may reflect a difference related to a new capability (representing new possibilities),  improved cost, efficiency or safety in future development or commercialization. 

APA format, in-text citation, reference include, 1 page

Choose a popular weight loss diet that you are interested in evaluating.

Research the diet and learn about the philosophy and nutritional requirements. Analyze the nutritional value of the diet and write a review. Your review should include:

• A description of each macromolecule
• An analysis of the protein, carbohydrate, and fat content of the diet
• An explanation of how the diet leads to weight loss
• An evaluation of the diet’s effect on the body
• A comprehensive review of the diet including your recommendation

Your two- to three-page evaluation should take the form of a well-researched and well-sourced essay in current APA Style. Be sure to include a reference list in current APA Style of all of the sources used. Your review should be guided by the research, but it should be your own work.

International Journal of

Molecular Sciences

Review

Neutrophils: Beneficial and Harmful Cells in Septic Arthritis

Daiane Boff 1,2, Helena Crijns 1,2, Mauro M. Teixeira 1, Flavio A. Amaral 1,† ID and Paul Proost 2,*,† ID

1 Imunofarmacologia, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; daiane.bff@hotmail.com (D.B.); helena.crijns@kuleuven.be (H.C.); mmtex@gmail.com (M.M.T.); dr.famaral@gmail.com (F.A.A.)

2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

* Correspondence: paul.proost@kuleuven.be; Tel.: +32-16-322-471 † These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: 31 December 2017; Accepted: 1 February 2018; Published: 5 February 2018

Abstract: Septic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease that is induced by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus. Infection of the joint triggers an acute inflammatory response directed by inflammatory mediators including microbial danger signals and cytokines and is accompanied by an influx of leukocytes. The recruitment of these inflammatory cells depends on gradients of chemoattractants including formylated peptides from the infectious agent or dying cells, host-derived leukotrienes, complement proteins and chemokines. Neutrophils are of major importance and play a dual role in the pathogenesis of septic arthritis. On the one hand, these leukocytes are indispensable in the first-line defense to kill invading pathogens in the early stage of disease. However, on the other hand, neutrophils act as mediators of tissue destruction. Since the elimination of inflammatory neutrophils from the site of inflammation is a prerequisite for resolution of the acute inflammatory response, the prolonged stay of these leukocytes at the inflammatory site can lead to irreversible damage to the infected joint, which is known as an important complication in septic arthritis patients. Thus, timely reduction of the recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils to infected joints may be an efficient therapy to reduce tissue damage in septic arthritis.