The Federal Acquisition Regulation Public Procurement 1. The Federal Acquisition Regulation contains 53 Parts and uses a numbering system for identification of every FAR part. This numbering system is applied to the FAR Part 52 – Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses. Contract clause 52.202-1, Definitions be prescribed in what FAR part and is incorporated by reference in what section of the Uniform Contract Format?

a. FAR Part 4, Administrative Matters; UCF Section I

b. FAR Part 2, Definitions; UCF Section I

c. FAR Part 4, Administrative Matters; UCF Section K

d. FAR Part 2, Definitions; UCF Section K

2. Solicitation provisions and contract clauses are

a. Are quick referenced in FAR 52.301, Solicitation provisions and contract clauses

b. May be incorporated by reference.

c. Are applicable to solicitations and awards, respectively.

d. All of the above.

3. The acquisition team should be identified as early in the acquisition process as possible. The program manager, in conjunction with the contracting office, prepares several documents that will be maintained in the contract file. The Contracting Officer is responsible for:

a. Ensuring performance of all necessary actions for effective contracting.

b. Ensure compliance with the terms of the contract.

c. Safeguarding the interest of the United States.

d. All of these answers are correct

4. The essential elements required in order to have a legally enforceable contract. The elements are offer and acceptance, intention to create legal relations, consideration, legal capacity, and

a. monetary value

b. cost sharing

c. consent

d. all of the above

5. There are five phase in the acquisition lifecycle – Planning Phase, Solicitation Phase, Evaluation Phase, Award Phase, and Postaward/Administration Phase. At what phase would the Contracting Officer designate in writing a Contracting Officer’s representative, if applicable.

a. planning phase

b. evaluation phase

c. award phase

d. postaward/adminstration phase

6. A Statement of Objectives (PWS) is a requirements document written by the Government and incorporated into the RFP. The PWS provides forms

a. the basis for the technical proposal

b. is incorporated into Section C of the resulting contract

c. Contains the basis performance-based element related to the requirement

d. All of these answers are correct.

7. Market Research is a means of collecting and analyzing information about market capabilities to satisfy agency needs. Market research

a. Is optional in all acquisitions.

b. Is required only for acquisitions under the Simplified Acquisition Threshold.

c. Required before developing new requirements documents.

d. Is the solely the responsibility of the Contracting Officer

8. There are seven special categories of contract in the FAR. Multi-year contracts may be used in

a. Sealed Bidding or contracting by negotiations.

b. Sealed Bidding only.

c. Contracting by negotiations only

d.None of these are correct.

9. It is Government policy that contractor employees shall not be used to perform inherently governmental functions. During the Planning Phase, the acquisition team must address the considerations of FAR Subpart 7.5, Inherently Governmental Functions in the

a. Market Research Report.

b. Acquisition Plan.

c. Personnel Schedule Plan

d. Contract Closeout Plan.

10. Contract financing includes payment methods such as partial payments, progress payments, loan guarantees, and performance-based payments. The Contracting Officer is responsible for making a contract financing determination that should be based on what theory

a. All contracts should include some type of contract financing.

b. Only small business should be authorized contract financing.

c. Contract financing should be provided only to the extent it is actually needed.

d. Contract financing is not allowed.

11. FAR Part 6, Competition, requires the acquisition team develop requirements documents that promote full and open competition to the maximum extent practicable. Contracting Officers may award without providing full and open competition in circumstances. The Contracting Officer may award for other than full and open competition and prepare a Justification and Approval when

a. The Contracting Officer has personal knowledge of one organization that has performed well in the past.

b. Only one responsible source and no other supplies or services will satisfy agency requirements

c. Award can be made to a single source that has developed a business relationship with the program office and contracting office.

d. The Contracting Officer did not have enough time to provide sufficient synopsis of the solicitation because funds would have expired.

12. The type of contract is a negotiable topic. The Government must document this decision in the contract file. Some factors to consider when selecting the appropriate contract type are

a. cost analysis

b. type and complexity of the requirements

c. period of performance or length of production run

d. all of these are correct

13. FAR Part 15, Contracting by Negotiations, prescribes the policies and procedures for governing competitive and non-competitive negotiated acquisition using the best value continuum technique. The best value continuum allows for award through LPTA and Tradeoff. Tradeoff is appropriate when it is in the best interest of the Government to

a. award to the lowest priced technically acceptable.

b. consider award to other than the lowest price offeror.

c. award without competition to the highest qualified contractor.

d. award without posting the solicitation on FedBizOpps.

14. When developing the solicitation, the contracting officer is responsible for ensuring the information is incorporated into the appropriate sections of the Uniform Contract Format. The contracting officer is also responsible for ensuring there is consistency throughout the contract requirements documents and the solicitation. The contracting officer can achieve this by ensuring

a. Contract Line Item Numbers in Section B reflect what is stated in Section C

b. Section L is derived from the requirements in Section C.

c. Section M is consistent with the Source Selection Plan

d. all of these are correct

15. The Source Selection Authority, unless otherwise designated by the agency head, is

a. The Contracting Officer’s Representative because they are the technical experts and will have the knowledge to select the best proposal.

b. The Contracting Officer, as they are the only ones authorized by the constitution to select a contractor and execute a contract.

c. The Contract Specialist, as delegated by the Contracting Officer

d. All of these are correct

16. Cost realism analysis must be performed on all cost-reimbursement contracts. Cost realism

a. Aims to determine whether the estimated proposal cost elements are realistic for the work to be performed.

b. Is a bottoms-up evaluation of the cost elements.

c. focuses on the bottom line price.

d. All of these are correct.

17. FAR Subpart 31.201-2, Determining allowability, states that a cost is allowable only if it

a. reasonable

b. allocable

c. promulgated by the Cost Accounting Standards board

d. all of these are correct

18. When award without discussions is not stated in the solicitation and the selection process is not a lowest price technically acceptable, the Contracting Officer will

a. cancel the solicitation and reissue

b. establish a competitive range consisting of the most highly rated proposals

c. allow discussions anyway

d. Start negotiations without establishing a competitive range.

19. Developing the evaluation criteria and factors is an activity completed in the Planning Phase. The evaluation criteria and ratings

a. help industry understand where to focus their resources while building the proposals

b. assist the Source Selection Authority in making trade-off analysis between offerors

c. Must provide a meaniful distinction between offers

d. All of these are correct.

20. A Contracting Officer will make the award to the successful offeror by furnishing the executed contract. Any changes to the original contract document

a. can be captured in a memorandum for file.

b. will be issued unilaterally

c. will be issued bilaterally

d. does not need to be reported.

21. The Contracting Officer must ensure a contractor is qualified to perform on a Government contract. To be qualified, a prospective contractors must

a. have adequate financial resources

b. have satisfactory performance record

c. have the necessary equipment or the resources to acquire the necessary equipment

d. all of these are correct.

22. The Contracting Officer must document the relative strengths, weakness, significant weakness, and deficiencies. Deficiencies are

a. a flaw in the proposal that increases the risk of unsuccessful contract performance

b. A flaw that greatly increases the risk of the unsuccessful contract performance.

c. Aspect of the proposal that has merit, but is not a requirement in the solicitation

d. Material failure of a proposal to meet the Government requirement.

23. The Contracting Officer must delegate a Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) in writing. The COR

a. Serves as the eyes and ears for the Contracting Officer.

Pricing Concepts for Establishing Value

Post a message that presents your answers to the case questions for Case 25 How Much for a Good Smell?

Reply to two students and using your research add to or challenge the findings of your peers.

Post all responses by replying to the thread created by the instructor entitled, “Week 4 Dialogue Responses” located in this forum

Discussion Posts Guidelines

Posting to Weekly Dialogues Instructions and Guidelines

To create one cohesive discussion forum and community, please post all responses and replies by replying to the thread created by instructor entitled, “Week 1 Dialogue Responses”. Please note: you will not create your own discussion thread. You will submit your initlal discussion post by replying to my weekly discussion thread. To post your initial dialogue response, click on Reply button in the bottom left corner inside of the “Week 1 Dialogue Responses” thread. The initial dialogue response must be 200-300 words and include a minimum of two academic peer reviewed scholarly articles outside of the textbook. (Due Wednesday 11:59 p.m. EST). Click Submit to make your post available to the rest of the class.

To respond to other students’ threads, click on Reply button in the bottom left corner inside of a message. Reply to two students and using your research add to or challenge the findings of your peers ranging from 125-200 words (Due Sunday by 11:59 p.m. EST). The first reply, must include at one least scholarly reference. The second response allows for a time of reflection–describe what you gained from reading another student’s initial post, extra references or research are not expected for the second reply.

Hello Class,

Today, I wanted to give you some additional information on various pricing concepts and strategies.

Pricing Concepts for Establishing Value

The Five Cs of Pricing

The five Cs of pricing are Company Objectives, Customers, Costs, Competition, and Channel Members (Grewal & Levy, 2013).

Four Pricing Orientations.

A profit-oriented pricing strategy focuses on maximizing, or at least reaching a target, profit for the company (Grewal & Levy, 2013). A sales orientation instead sets prices with the goal of increasing sales levels. With a competitor-oriented pricing strategy, a firm sets its prices according to what its competitors do. Finally, a customer-oriented strategy determines consumers’ perceptions of value and prices accordingly.

The relationship between price and quantity sold.

Generally, when prices go up, quantity sold goes down. Sometimes, however—particularly with prestige products and services—demand actually increases with price.

Price elasticity.

Changes in price generally affect demand; price elasticity measures the extent of this effect. It is based on the percentage change in quantity divided by the percentage change in price. Depending on the resulting value, a market offering can be identified as elastic, such that the market is very price sensitive, or inelastic, in which case the market cares little about the price (Grewal & Levy, 2013).

How to calculate a product’s breakeven point.

Because the break-even point occurs when the units sold generate just enough profit to cover the total costs of producing those units, it requires knowledge of the fixed cost, total cost, and total revenue curves. When these curves intersect, the marketer has found the breakeven point.

The four types of price competitive levels.

In a monopoly setting, either one firm controls the market and sets the price, or many firms compete with differentiated products, rather than on price. Monopolistic competition occurs when there are many firms competing for customers in a given market but their products are differentiated (Grewal & Levy, 2013). In an oligopolistic competitive market, a few firms dominate and tend to set prices according to a competitor-oriented strategy. Finally, pure competition means that consumers likely regard the products offered by different companies as basic substitutes, so the firms must work hard to achieve the lowest price point, limited by the laws of supply and demand (Grewal & Levy, 2013).

The difference between an everyday low price strategy (EDLP) and a high/low strategy.

An everyday low pricing strategy is maintained when a product’s price stays relatively constant at a level that is slightly lower than the regular price from competitors using a high/low strategy, and is less frequently discounted (Levy & Weitz, 2012). Customers enjoy an everyday low pricing strategy because they know that the price will always be the about the same and a better price than the competition. High/low pricing strategy starts out with a product at one (higher) price, and then discounts the product. This strategy first attracts a less price sensitive customer that pays the regular price, and then a very price sensitive customer that pays the low price (Levy & Weitz, 2012).

The difference between a market penetration pricing strategy and a price skimming pricing strategy.

When firms use a price skimming strategy, the product or service must be perceived as breaking new ground or customers will not pay more than what they pay for other products. Firms use price skimming to signal high quality, limit demand, recoup their investment quickly, and/or test people’s price sensitivity (Grewal & Levy, 2013). Moreover, it is easier to price high initially and then lower the price than vice versa. Market penetration, in contrast, helps firms build sales and market share quickly, which may discourage other firms from entering the market. Building demand quickly also typically results in lowered costs as the firm gains experience making the product or delivering the service.

Pricing practices that have the potential to deceive customers.

There are almost as many ways to get into trouble by setting or changing a price as there are pricing strategies and tactics. Some common legal issues pertain to advertising deceptive prices. Specifically, if a firm compares a reduced price with a “regular” or reference price, it must actually have sold that product or service at the regular price. Bait and switch is another form of deceptive price advertising, where sellers advertises items for a very low price without the intent to really sell any at that price. In many states, advertising the sale of products priced below the retailer’s cost also constitutes a form of bait and switch. Collusion among firms to fix prices is always illegal (Levy & Weitz, 2012).

References

Grewal, D., & Levy, M. (2013).M: Marketing. (3nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Levy, M., & Weitz, B. A. (2012). Retailing management (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

 Analysis of Variance One and Two Way ANOVA SPSS File Report

Using SPSS, this week’s assignment focuses on using analysis of variance ANOVA: both one-way and 2-way with interactions. One-way ANOVA allows researchers to investigate the difference of the means for 3 or more groups. Two-way ANOVA with interactions is used to investigate the difference in the groups of the two factors and their interaction.

To complete the assignment:

• Download and review the ANOVA assignment instructions.docx
• Using the airline satisfaction ANOVA.sav dataset to conduct one-way and 2-way ANOVAs to answer the questions below, Type your responses in a Word document:

(Note: Be sure to use the numeric variables for Class, Flight Cancelation and Age Range. String variables cannot be used in ANOVA calculations.)

1. Does satisfaction differ for different classes (Business, Eco, and Eco Plus)? Include the output from SPSS. Which class is most satisfied? Which class is the least satisfied?
2. Using a two-way ANOVA, and the factors Flight Cancelled and Class, determine if satisfaction differs if a flight is canceled.

• • If so, are passengers more satisfied if the flight is not canceled?
  • Determine if satisfaction differs by Class. If so, which class is the most satisfied and which is least satisfied? How does this result compare with the result in question 1?
  • Is there a significant interaction between Flight cancellation and Class? If so, how does this affect satisfaction?
  • Include your output tables from SPSS in your report.

1. Using a two-way ANOVA and the factors Flight Cancelled and Age Range, determine if satisfaction differs if a flight is canceled.
   • If so, are passengers more satisfied if the flight is not cancelled?
   • Determine if satisfaction differs by Age Range. If so, which age range is the most satisfied and which is least satisfied?
   • Is there a significant interaction between Flight Cancellation and Age Range? If so, how does this affect satisfaction?
   • Include your output tables and plots from SPSS in your report.
2. Knowing the results of the one-way ANOVA concerning class and the results for the two-way ANOVAs concerning flight cancellation, class and age range, recommend marketing actions that could be implemented to specifically address these results that would increase satisfaction.

 Healthcare and Clinical Delivery System

Answer every point in 100 words to sum up to 3 pages.
Please deliver on Thursday or before

Details:
Students are required to maintain weekly reflective narratives
throughout the course to combine into one course-long reflective
journal that integrates leadership and inquiry into current practice
as it applies to the Professional Capstone and Practicum course.
Your journal will reflect on the personal knowledge and skills gained
throughout the Professional Capstone and Practicum course. It should
address a variable combination of the following, dependent on your
specific practice immersion clinical experiences:
1. New practice approaches
2. Intraprofessional collaboration
3. Health care delivery and clinical systems
4. Ethical considerations in health care
5. Population health concerns
6. The role of technology in improving health care outcomes
7. Health policy
8. Leadership and economic models
9. Health disparities

Students will outline what they have discovered about their
professional practice, personal strengths and weaknesses that
surfaced, additional resources and abilities that could be introduced
to a given situation to influence optimal outcomes, and finally, how
the learner met the competencies aligned to this course.
While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment,
solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and
references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines,
which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student
Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to
beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for
successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer
to the directions in the Student Success Center.

RUBRICS
New Practice Approaches: New practice approaches are present,
complete, and incorporates additional relevant details and critical
thinking to engage the reader.
Intraprofessional Collaboration:Intraprofessional collaboration
information is present, complete, and incorporates additional relevant
details and critical thinking to engage the reader.
Health Care Delivery And Clinical Systems (4.1): Health care delivery
and clinical systems information is present, complete, and
incorporates additional relevant details and critical thinking to
engage the reader.
Ethical Considerations In Health Care (5.4): Ethical considerations in
health care information is present, complete, and incorporates
additional relevant details and critical thinking to engage the
reader.
Population Health Concerns (5.3):Population health concerns
information is present, complete, and incorporates additional relevant
details and critical thinking to engage the reader.
The Role Of Technology In Improving Health Care Outcomes (4.3):
Information on the role of technology in improving health care
outcomes is present, complete, and incorporates additional relevant
details and critical thinking to engage the reader.
Health Policy:Health policy information content is present, complete,
and incorporates additional relevant details and critical thinking to
engage the reader.
Leadership And Economic Models: Information on leadership and economic
models is present, complete, and incorporates additional relevant
details and critical thinking to engage the reader.
Health Disparities (1.5): information on health disparities is
present, complete, and incorporates additional relevant details and
critical thinking to engage the reader.